Replicable types and subtypes of personality: Spanish NEO‐PI samples

Abstract

Three major personality prototypes were derived on the basis of a Big Five instrument (NEO‐PI) by means of replicated cluster analysis in two Spanish samples (a sample from the general population and a student sample). The replicability of the three prototypes within and their consistency between the two samples were evaluated. In addition, subtypes were analysed in a similar way. Finally, the relation between prototype assignment and level of education was examined in the sample from the general population. Within‐study replicability was satisfactory only for the student sample. Comparison with the results for a similar instrument (NEO‐PI‐R) applied to a German sample showed satisfactory consistency only for the student sample. Discussion centres on the strong sample dependency of the results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Asendorpf

J. B.

Borkenau

Ostendorf

van Aken

M. A. G.

(2001).Carving personality description at its joints: Confirmation of three replicable personality prototypes for both children and adults. European Journal of Personality, 15,169–198.

Asendorpf

J. B.

van Aken

M. A. G.

(1999).Resilient, overcontrolled and undercontrolled personality prototypes in childhood: Replicability, predictive power, and the trait‐type issue. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77,815–832.

Avia

M. D.

Sanz

Sánchez‐Bernardos

M. L.

Martínez‐Arias

Silva

Graña

J. L.

(1995).The five‐factor model: II. Relations of the NEO‐PI with other personality variables. Personality and Individual Differences, 19,81–97.

Benet‐Martínez

John

O. P.

(1998).Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: Multitrait method analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75,729–750.

Benet‐Martínez

Waller

N. G.

(1997).Further evidence for the cross‐cultural generality of the ‘Big Seven’ model: Imported and indigenous Spanish personality constructs. Journal of Personality, 65,567–598.

Block

(1971). Lives through time. Berkeley, CA: Bancroft.

Borkenau

Ostendorf

(1989).Untersuchungen zum Fünf‐Faktoren‐Modell der Persönlichkeit und seine diagnostische Erfassung [Studies on the Five‐Factor Model of personality and its assessment]. Zeitschrift für differentielle und diagnostische Psychologie, 10,239–251.

Church

A. T.

Burke

P. J.

(1994).Exploratory and confirmatory tests of the Big Five and Tellegen's three‐ and four‐dimensional models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66,93–114.

Costa

P. T.

Mc Crae

R. R.

(1985). The NEO‐PI/NEO‐FFI manual supplement. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

10.

Goldberg

L. R.

(1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in personality lexicons. In L. Wheeler (Ed.),Review of personality and social psychology(Vol. 2, pp.141–165). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

11.

Haberman

S. J.

(1974). The analysis of frequency data. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

12.

Hart

Hofmann

Edelstein

Keller

(1997).The relation of childhood personality types to adolescent behavior and development: A longitudinal study of Icelandic children. Developmental Psychology, 33,195–205.

13.

John

O. P.

Srivastava

(1999). The Big Five trait taxonomy: Dimensions of personality in the natural language and in questionnaires. In L. A. Pervin , & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research(2nd ed., pp.102–138). New York: Guilford.

14.

McCrae

R. R.

Costa

P. T.

(1987).Validation of the five‐factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52,81–90.

15.

McCrae

R. R.

Costa

P. T.

(1989).Rotation to maximize the construct validity of factors in the NEO Personality Inventory. Multivariate Behavior Research, 24,107–124.

16.

Ostendorf

(1990). Sprache und Persönlichkeitsstruktur: Zur Gültigkeit des Fünf‐Faktor‐Modells der Persönlichkeit [Language and personality structure: On the validity of the Five‐Factor Model of personality]. Regensburg: Roderer.

17.

Peabody

Goldberg

L. R.

(1989).Some determinants of factor structures from personality‐trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57,552–567.

18.

Robins

R. W.

John

O. P.

Caspi

Moffitt

T. E.

Stouthamer‐Loeber

(1996).Resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys: Three personality types in early adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70,157–171.

19.

Saucier

Hampson

S. E.

Goldberg

L. R.

(2000). Cross‐language studies of lexical personality factors. In S. E. Hampson (Ed.),Advances in Personality Psychology(Vol. 1, pp.1–37). Hove: Psychology.

20.

Silva

Avia

M. D.

Sanz

Martínez‐Arias

Graña

M. L.

Sánchez‐Bernardos

M. L.

(1994).The Five Factor Model. I: Contributions to the structure of the NEO‐PI. Personality and Individual Differences, 17,741–753.

21.

Triandis

H. C.

Lisansky

Marín

Betancourt

(1984).Simpatía as a cultural script of Hispanics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47,1363–1375.