Incremental validity of the Structured Interview for the Five‐Factor Model of Personality (SIFFM)

Abstract

This study examined the incremental validity of the Structured Interview for the Five‐Factor Model (SIFFM; Trull & Widiger, 1997) scores in the prediction of borderline, antisocial, and histrionic personality disorder symptoms above and beyond variance accounted for by scores from the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP; Clark, 1993), a self‐report questionnaire that includes items relevant to both normal (i.e. Big Three) and abnormal personality traits. Approximately 200 participants (52 clinical outpatients, and 149 nonclinical individuals from a borderline‐features‐enriched sample) completed the SIFFM, the SNAP, and select sections of the Personality Disorder Interview—IV (PDI‐IV; Widiger, Mangine, Corbitt, Ellis, & Thomas, 1995). We found support for the incremental validity of SIFFM scores, further indicating the clinical utility of this instrument. However, results also supported the incremental validity of SNAP scores in many cases. We discuss the implications of the findings in terms of dimensional approaches to personality disorder assessment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Clark

L. A.

(1993). Manual for the schedule for nonadaptive and adaptive personality. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

Clark

L. A.

(1999). Dimensional approaches to personality disorder assessment and diagnosis. In C. R. Cloninger (Ed.), Personality and psychopathology(pp.219–244). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Clark

L. A.

Livesley

W. J.

(2002). Two approaches to identifying the dimensions of personality disorder: Convergence on the five‐factor model. In P. T. Costa, Jr. , & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five‐factor model of personality(2nd ed., pp.161–176). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Costa

P. T.

McCrae

R. R.

(1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO‐PI‐R) and NEO Five‐Factor Inventory (NEO‐FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

DiLalla

D. L.

Gottesman

I. I.

Carey

Volger

G. P.

(1993).Joint factor structure of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire and the MMPI in a psychiatric and high‐risk sample. Psychological Assessment, 5,207–215.

Frances

(1982).Categorical and dimensional systems of personality diagnosis: A comparison. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 23,516–527.

Hyler

S. E.

Rieder

R. O.

(1987). Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire—Revised (PDQ‐R). New York: Author.

10.

Lynam

D. R.

Widiger

T. A.

(2001).Using the five‐factor model to represent the DSM‐IV personality disorders: An expert consensus. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110,401–412.

11.

Markon

K. E.

Krueger

R. F.

Watson

(2005).Delineating the structure of normal and abnormal personality: An integrative hierarchical approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88,139–157.

12.

McCrae

R. R.

(1994). Psychopathology from the perspective of the five‐factor model. In S. Strack , & M. Lorr (Eds.), Differentiating normal and abnormal personality(pp.26–39). New York: Springer.

13.

Morey

L. C.

(1991). Personality Assessment Inventory: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

14.

Reynolds

S. K.

Clark

L. A.

(2001).Predicting dimensions of personality disorder from domains and facets of the five‐factor model. Journal of Personality, 69,199–222.

15.

Shrout

P. E.

Fleiss

J. L.

(1979).Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86,420–428.

16.

Tellegen

Waller

N. G.

(in press). Exploring personality through test construction: Development of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. In S. R. Briggs , & J. M. Cheek (Eds.), Personality measures: Development and evaluation(Vol. 1). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

17.

Trull

T. J.

(1995).Borderline personality disorder features in nonclinical young adults: 1. Identification and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7,33–41.

18.

Trull

T. J.

Durrett

(2005).Categorical and dimensional models of personality disorders. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1,355–380.

19.

Trull

T. J.

Useda

J. D.

Conforti

Doan

B. T.

(1997).Borderline personality disorder features in nonclinical young adults: 2. Two‐year outcome. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106,307–314.

20.

Trull

T. J.

Widiger

T. A.

(1997). SIFFM: Structured Interview for the Five‐Factor Model of Personality, professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

21.

Trull

T. J.

Widiger

T. A.

(2002). The structured interview for the five factor model of personality (SIFFM). In B. De Raad , & M. Perugini (Eds.), Big five assessment(pp.148–166). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe & Huber.

22.

Trull

T. J.

Widiger

T. A.

Burr

(2001).A structured interview for the assessment of the five‐factor model of personality: Facet‐level relations to the Axis II personality disorders. Journal of Personality, 69,175–198.

23.

Trull

T. J.

Widiger

T. A.

Useda

J. D.

Holcomb

Doan

B.‐T.

Axelrod

S. R.

Stern

B. L.

Gershuny

B. S.

(1998).A structured interview for the assessment of the five‐factor model of personality. Psychological Assessment, 10,229–240.

24.

Vieth

A. Z.

(2000).Using measures of personality to predict borderline personality traits: A comparison of the SIFFM and the MPQ. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 60,5824.

25.

Widiger

T. A.

(1993).The DSM‐III‐R categorical personality disorder diagnoses: A critique and an alternative. Psychological Inquiry, 4,75–90.

26.

Widiger

T. A.

Costa

P. T.

(2002). Five factor model personality disorder research. In P. T. Costa , & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five factor model of personality(2nd ed., pp.59–87). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

27.

Widiger

T. A.

Frances

A. J.

(1994). Toward a dimensional model for the personality disorders. In P. T. Costa, Jr. , & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five‐factor model of personality(pp.19–40). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

28.

Widiger

T. A.

Mangine

Corbitt

E. M.

Ellis

C. G.

Thomas

G. V.

(1995). Personality Disorder Interview—IV: A semistructured interview for the assessment of personality disorders. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

29.

Widiger

T. A.

Trull

T. J.

Clarkin

J. F.

Sanderson

Costa

P. T.

(1994). A description of the DSM‐III‐R and DSM‐IV personality disorders with the five‐factor model of personality. In P. T. Costa, Jr. , & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five‐factor model of personality(pp.41–56). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

30.

Widiger

T. A.

Trull

T. J.

Clarkin

J. F.

Sanderson

Costa

P. T.

(2002). A description of the DSM‐IV personality disorders with the five‐factor model of personality. In P. T. Costa, Jr. , & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the five‐factor model of personality(2nd ed., pp.89–99). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

31.

Zimmerman

(1994).Diagnosing personality disorders: A review of issues and research methods. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51,225–245.