Introduction
Almost 1200 journalists have died on assignment since 1992. Most deaths resulted from trauma (automobile accidents, gunfire) and occurred in the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. While deaths of high-profile Western reporters have brought attention to inherent risks of reporting, 88% of deaths were local journalists earning a meager wage. In recognition of these dangers, major news agencies have endorsed freelance protection standards including basic medical training. However, trainings typically occur in North America and Western Europe—never reaching those most at risk.
Objective
To establish and evaluate a culture-neutral course, to be delivered with equal effectiveness in a number of geographical areas, that will educate journalists on the basics of medical care in remote and resource-limited locations.
Methods
A multinational team of physicians and paramedics was formed and led by a retired professional journalist. The team developed the curriculum based on wilderness medicine and combat experience. The course was administered in Beirut, chosen for its proximity to conflict and large media outlets. At the completion, students were tested on content and provided feedback.
Results
Seventeen students of various nationalities (Lebanese, American, British, French, Canadian, Egyptian, Syrian, and Spanish), started and completed the course. Those speaking primarily English scored 80% on average compared with 71% for those speaking English secondarily and 60% for Arabic-speaking students.
Conclusions
Developing and implementing a culture-neutral course proved to be a lengthy and challenging process. Live interpreters were invaluable for Arabic-speaking students, in addition to eliminating medical jargon and focusing on active demonstrations and scenarios. Despite this, language barriers contributed to decreased retention of approximately one-quarter of the lecture material. Special attention to sex-norms in an Arabic country was necessary when undergoing scenario training. Lessons learned in the process will be applied to future TTJ courses and shared with those developing similar curricula.