Intraosseous hemangiomas are uncommon intrabony lesions, representing approximately 0.5 to 1% of all intraosseous tumors. Their description varies from “benign vasoformative neoplasms” to true hamartomatous proliferations of endothelial cells forming a vascular network with intermixed fibrous connective tissue stroma. These commonly present as a firm, painless swelling. Intraosseous hemangiomas present more commonly in females than in males and most likely occur in the fourth decade of life. The most common etiology of intraosseous hemangioma is believed to be prior trauma to the area. They have a tendency to bleed briskly upon removal or biopsy, making preoperative detection of the vascular nature of the lesion of significant importance. There are four variants: (1) capillary type, (2) cavernous type, (3) mixed variant, and (4) scirrhous type. Generally most common in the vertebral skeleton, they can also present in the calvarium and facial bones. In the head, the most common site is the parietal bone, followed by the mandible, and then malar and zygomatic regions. Intraosseous hemangiomas of the zygoma are rare entities with the first case reported in 1950 by Schoenfield. In this article, we review 49 case reports of intraosseous hemangioma of the zygoma, and also present a new case treated with excision followed by polyether-ether ketone implant placement for primary reconstruction.
SweetCSilbergleitRMehtaBPrimary intraosseous hemangioma of the orbit: CT and MR appearanceAJNR Am J Neuroradiol1997182379–381
2.
MarshakGHemangioma of the zygomatic boneArch Otolaryngol19801069581–582
3.
MooreSLChunJKMitreSASomPMIntraosseous hemangioma of the zygoma: CT and MR findingsAJNR Am J Neuroradiol20012271383–1385
4.
EthunandanMMellorTKHaemangiomas and vascular malformations of the maxillofacial region—a reviewBr J Oral Maxillofac Surg2006444263–272
5.
ZuckerJJLevineMRChuAPrimary intraosseous hemangioma of the orbit. Report of a case and review of literatureOphthal Plast Reconstr Surg198954247–255
6.
RelfSJBartleyGBUnniKKPrimary orbital intraosseous hemangiomaOphthalmology1991984541–546, discussion 547
7.
ChengNCLaiDMHsieMHLiaoSLChenYBIntraosseous hemangiomas of the facial bonePlast Reconstr Surg200611772366–2372
8.
KoybasiSSaydamLKutluayLIntraosseous hemangioma of the zygomaAm J Otolaryngol2003243194–197
9.
SrinivasanBEthunandanMVan der HorstCMarkusAFIntraosseous “haemangioma” of the zygoma: more appropriately termed a venous malformationInt J Oral Maxillofac Surg200938101066–1070
10.
DefazioMVKassiraWCamisonL, et al. Intraosseous venous malformations of the zygoma: clarification of misconceptions regarding diagnosis and managementAnn Plast Surg2014723323–327
11.
SeeffJBlacksinMFLyonsMBeneveniaJA case report of intracortical hemangioma. A forgotten intracortical lesionClin Orthop Relat Res1994302235–238
12.
KoniorRJKelleyTFHemmerDIntraosseus zygomatic hemangiomaOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg19991211122–125
13.
GómezEGonzálezTAriasJLasalettaLThree-dimensional reconstruction after removal of zygomatic intraosseous hemangiomaOral Maxillofac Surg2008123159–162
14.
TaylanGYildirimSGideroğluKAközTConservative approach in a rare case of intrazygomatic hemangiomaPlast Reconstr Surg200311251490–1492
15.
PinnaVClauserLMarchiMCastellanLHaemangioma of the zygoma: case reportNeuroradiology1997393216–218
16.
YuMSKimHCJangYJRemoval of a nasal bone intraosseous venous malformation and primary reconstruction of the surgical defect using open rhinoplastyInt J Oral Maxillofac Surg2010394394–396
17.
WalkerEAJrMcHenryLCPrimary hemangioma of the zygomaArch Otolaryngol196581199–203
18.
ZinsJELongKPapayFAThe use of cranial bone for midface and skull reconstruction In: ManigliaAJStuckerFJStepnickDW, eds. Surgical Reconstruction of the Face: Nose, Midface, and Anterior Skull BasePhiladelphia, PASaunders1999
19.
Arribas-GarciaIAlcala-GalianoAFernandez GarciaAMontalvoJJZygomatic intraosseous haemangioma: reconstruction with an alloplastic prosthesis based on a 3-D modelJ Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg2010635e451–e453
20.
RamchandaniPLSabesanTMellorTKIntraosseous vascular anomaly (haemangioma) of the zygomaBr J Oral Maxillofac Surg2004426583–586
21.
de PonteFSBottiniDJValentiniV[Surgical treatment of hemangioma of bones of the orbito-zygomatic region]Minerva Stomatol1994437–8365–372
22.
SchofieldALPrimary hemangioma of the malar boneBr J Plast Surg195032136–140
23.
ShermanRSWilnerDThe roentgen diagnosis of hemangioma of boneAm J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med1961861146–1159
24.
DavisEMorganLRHemangioma of boneArch Otolaryngol1974996443–445
25.
BrackupAHHallerMLDanberMMHemangioma of the bony orbitAm J Ophthalmol1980902258–261
26.
SchmidtGHHemangioma in the zygomaAnn Plast Surg198294330–332
27.
Har-ElGLevyRAvidorISegalKSidiJHaemangioma of the zygoma presenting as a tumour in the maxillary sinusJ Maxillofac Surg1986143161–164
28.
Har-ElGHadarTZirkinHYSidiJHemangioma of the zygomaAnn Plast Surg1987186533–540
29.
WarmanSMyssiorekDHemangioma of the zygomatic boneAnn Otol Rhinol Laryngol1989988, Pt 1655–658
30.
JeterTSHackneyFLAufdemorteTBCavernous hemangioma of the zygoma: report of casesJ Oral Maxillofac Surg1990485508–512
31.
NishimuraTTakimotoTUmedaRKadoyaMTakashimaTMizukamiYOsseous hemangioma arising in the facial boneORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec1990526385–390
32.
ClauserLMeneghiniFRigaMRigoLHaemangioma of the Zygoma. Report of two cases with a review of the literatureJ Craniomaxillofac Surg1991198353–358
33.
Cuesta GilMNavarro-VilaCIntraosseous hemangioma of the zygomatic bone. A case reportInt J Oral Maxillofac Surg1992215287–291
34.
De PonteFSBecelliRRinnaCSassanoPPAesthetic and functional reconstruction in intraosseus hemangiomas of the zygomaJ Craniofac Surg199566506–509
35.
HiranoSShojiKKojimaHOmoriKUse of hydroxyapatite for reconstruction after surgical removal of intraosseous hemangioma in the zygomatic bonePlast Reconstr Surg1997100186–90
36.
SavastanoGRussoADell'AquilaAOsseous hemangioma of the zygoma: a case reportJ Oral Maxillofac Surg199755111352–1356
37.
KiratliHOrhanMMultiple orbital intraosseous hemangiomasOphthal Plast Reconstr Surg1998145345–348
LeibovitchIDrayJPLeibovitchLBrazowskiEPrimary intraosseous hemangioma of the zygomatic bonePlast Reconstr Surg20031111519–521
40.
YanJCaiYWuZHanJPangYCavernous hemangioma of the bony orbitYan Ke Xue Bao2005213147–151
41.
RiverosLGSimpsonERDeAngelisDDHowarthDMcGowanHKasselEPrimary intraosseous hemangioma of the orbit: an unusual presentation of an uncommon tumorCan J Ophthalmol2006415630–632
42.
ZinsJETüregünMCHosnWBauerTWReconstruction of intraosseous hemangiomas of the midface using split calvarial bone graftsPlast Reconstr Surg20061173948–953, discussion 954
MadgeSNSimonSAbidinZ, et al. Primary orbital intraosseous hemangiomaOphthal Plast Reconstr Surg200925137–41
45.
DhuparVYadavSDhuparAAkkaraFCavernous hemangioma—uncommon presentation in zygomatic boneJ Craniofac Surg2012232607–609
46.
MarcinowAMProvenzanoMJGurgelRKChangKEPrimary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the zygoma: a case report and literature reviewEar Nose Throat J2012915210, 212, 214–215
