This paper examines gender aspects of tactics of the alter-globalization movement. Focusing mainly on two transnational collective actions in Prague in 2000 and in Genoa in 2001, the research draws on participant observation, interviews with activists and analysis of the movement's alternative media. The feminist activism within the movement, the gendered tactics and their representation in the alternative media are analysed using the concept of diffusion. Although feminists are involved in the protests, and local Czech feminist activism was incited by the international mobilizations in Prague in 2000, they are often marginalized because of the emphasis on masculine confrontational and violent tactics used in demonstrations. The movement's alternative media further reproduce gender stereotypes. The visual representations of the tactics are traditionally gendered – women are depicted as fairies, men as fighters; this is because the movement does not want to appear weak and feminine, and seeks to be effective.
Della PortaD. (2005) ‘Multiple belongings, tolerant identities, and the construction of “another politics”: between the European social forum and the local social fora’ in della PortaD., and TarrowS. (2005) editors, Transnational Protest and Global Activism, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
8.
Delia PortaD., AndrettaM., MoscaL., and ReiferH. (2006) editors, Globalization from Below: Transnational Activists and Protest Networks, Minneapolis, London: University of Minnesota Press.
9.
Delia PortaD., and TarrowS. (2005) ‘Transnational processes and social activism: an introduction’ in della PortaD., and TarrowS. (2005) editors, Transnational Protest and Global Activism, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1–20.
10.
EinwohnerR., HollanderJ., and OlsonT. (2000) ‘Engendering social movements – cultural images and movement dynamics’Gender & Society, Vol. 14, No. 5: 679–699.
11.
EschleC. (2001) Global Democracy, Social Movements, and Feminism, Boulder: Westview Press.
12.
EschleC. (2005) “‘Skeleton women”: feminism and the antiglobalization movement’Signs, Vol. 30, No. 3: 1741–1769.
FerreeM. Marx, and MuellerC. McClurg (2004) ‘Feminism and the women's movement: a global perspective’ in SnowD.A., SouleS.A., KriesiH. (2004) editors, The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
15.
GraeberD. (2005) ‘The globalization movement’ in EdelmanM., and HaugerudA. (2005) editors, The Anthropology of Development and Globalization, Oxford: Blackwell.
16.
HamelP., Lustiger-ThalerH., PieterseJ., and RoseneilS. (2001) editors, Globalizaton and Social Movements, New York: Palgrave.
17.
Jazz (2001) ‘The tracks of our fear’ in (2001) (no editor), On Fire: The Battle of Genoa and the Anti-Capitalist Movement, London: One Off Press.
18.
JonesD. (2001) ‘Shooting blanks?’ in (2001) (no editor), On Fire: The Battle of Genoa and the Anti-Capitalist Movement, London: One Off Press.
19.
KolářováM. (2004a) Gender in Czech Anarchist Movement, Prague: Subverze.
20.
KolářováM. (2004b) ‘Gender representation in the alternative media of the anti-globalisation movement’Czech Sociological Review, Vol. 40, No. 6: 851–868.
21.
KolářováM. (2006) ‘Princezny a bojovnice: ženský aktivismus v radikálních hnutích’. (Princesses and warriors: women's activism in radical movements)’ in HaškováH., KřížkováA., and LinkováM. (2006) editors, Mnohohlasem: Vyjednávání ženských prostorů po race 1989 (Multiple voices: Negotiating women's spaces after 1989), Praha: Sociologický ústav AV ČR, 301–325.
22.
KuumbaM. (2001) Gender and Social Movements, Walnut Creek: Altamira Press.
23.
LobaoL. (1990) ‘Women in revolutionary movements’ in WestG., and BlumbergR. (1990) editors, Women and Social Protest, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
24.
MacdonaldL. (2005) ‘Gendering transnational social movement analysis: women's groups contest free trade in the Americas’ in BandyJ., and SmithJ. (2005) editors, Coalitions Across Borders: Transnational Protest and the Neoliberal Order, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
25.
McDonaldK. (2006) Global Movements, Oxford: Blackwell.
26.
MoghadamV. (2001) ‘Transnational feminist networks: collective action in an era of globalization’ in HamelP., Lustiger-ThalerH., PieterseJ., and RoseneilS. (2001) editors, Globalizaton and Social Movements, New York: Palgrave.
27.
MohantyC.T. (2003) “‘Under western eyes” revisited: feminist solidarity through anticapitalist struggles’Signs, Vol. 28, No. 2: 499–536.
28.
NextGENDERation network (2004) ‘Refusing to be “the women's question” … Embodied practices of feminist intervention at the European Social Forum 2003’Feminist Review, Vol. 77, No. 1: 141–151.
29.
Notes from Nowhere (2003) editors, We Are Everywhere: The Irresistible Rise of Global Anticapitalism, London: Verso.
30.
RothB. (2001) ‘What are social movements and what is gendered about women's participation in social movements? A sociological perspective’http://womhist.binghamton.edu/socm/intro.htm, (accessed January 2003).
31.
SmithJ. (2002) ‘Globalizing resistance: the battle of Seattle and the future of social movements’ in SmithJ.G., and JohnstonH. (2002) editors, Globalization and Resistance, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
32.
Starhawk (2001a) ‘Staying on the streets’ in (no editor) (2001) On Fire: The Battle of Genoa and the Anti-capitalist Movement, London: One Off Press.
33.
Starhawk (2001b) ‘Lifelong activism’ in WeltonN., and WolfL. (2001), editors, Global Uprising, Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.
TaylorV. (1999) ‘Gender and social movements: gender processes in women's self-help movements’Gender & Society, Vol. 13, No. 1: 8–33.
37.
TaylorV., and Van DykeN. (2004) “‘Get up, stand up”: tactical repertoires of social movements’ in SnowD.A., SouleS.A., and KriesiH. (2004) editors, The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
38.
WestG., and BlumbergR. (1990) ‘Reconstructing social protest from a feminist perspective’ in WestG., and BlumbergR. (1990) editors, Women and Social Protest, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
