The results of numerical simulation and industrial experiments on thermal and flow phenomena in a multi-strand tundish are presented before and after modernisation. The improvement of cast steel purity and the increase of continuous casting (CC) machine capacity was the basic aim of the research. The simplest action was to increase the height of the tundish side walls, so the working zone of tundish had a higher capacity and inside the working area a turbulence inhibitor was installed. Experimental measurements and numerical calculations enabled to estimate the steel velocity and temperature fields. The research focused on the determination of characteristics residence time distribution. Basing on them, the percentage volume of different flows (dead, dispersed plug, well-mixed) was calculated before and after modernisation, which enabled to evaluate the tundish working conditions. Additionally, they gave information about the influence of the multi-strand constructive changes on the hydrodynamics and thermal conditions.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
SzekelyJ.IllegbussiO. J.: ‘The physical and mathematical modeling of tundish operations', 1989, Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
2.
JooS.GuthrieR. I. L.: ‘Heat flow and inclusion behaviour in a tundish for slab casting’, Can. Metall. Q., 1991, 30, 261–269.
3.
Aguiler-CoronaA.MorelesR. D.Diaz-CruzM.Palafox-RamosJ.Rodriguez-HernandezH.: ‘Modelling the effect of-centered ladle streams on fluid flow liquid steel in a slab tundish', Steel Res. Int., 2002, 73, 438–444.
4.
JaniszewskiK.KudlińskiZ.: ‘The influence of non-metallic inclusions physical state an effectiveness of the steel filtration process ', Steel Res. Int., 2006, 80, 169–176.
5.
MichałekK.GrycK.TkadeleckovaM.BocekD.: ‘Model study of tundish steel intermixing and operational verification', Arch. Metall. Mater., 2012, 57, 291–296.
6.
ChakrabortyS.SahaiY.: ‘Mathematical modeling of transport phenomena in continuous casting tundishes. Part 2. Transient effects owing to varying ladle stream temperature', Ironmak. Steelmak., 1992, 19, 488–494.
7.
JooS.HanJ. W.GuthrieR. I. L.: ‘Inclusion behavior and heat-transfer phenomena in steelmaking tundish operations: part II. mathematical model for liquid steel in tundishes', Metall. Trans. B, 1993, 24, 767–777.
8.
MeijieZ.HuazhiG.AoH.HongxiZ.ChengjiD.: ‘Numerical simulation and industrial practice of inclusion removal from molten steel by gas bottom-blowing in continuous casting tundish’, J. Min. Metall. Sec. B Metall., 2011, 47, 137–147.
9.
PieprzycaJ.: ‘Cast strand's structure quality research in respect to method of the liquid steel flow through cc device's tundish', Metalurgija, 2013, 52, 157–160.
10.
SinghR. K.PaulA.RayA. K.: ‘Modelling of flow behaviour in continuous casting tundish’, Scand. J. Metall., 2003, 32, 137–146.
ZhangM. J.GuH. Z.HuangA.ZhuH. X.DengC. J.: ‘Physical and mathematical modeling of inclusion removal with gas bottom-blowing in continuous casting tundish’, J. Min. Metall. Sec. B Metall., 2011, 47, 37–44.
13.
MoralesR. D.Lopez-RamirezS.Palafox-RamosJ.ZachariasD.: ‘Numerical and modeling analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer of liquid steel in a tundish with different flow control devices', ISIJ Int., 1999, 39, 455–462.
14.
MoralesR. D.Lopez-RamirezS.BarretoJ. J.PalafoxR. J.: 17th Process technology conference proceedings, Orlando, USA, 2000, 955–989.
15.
TripathiA.AjmaniS. K.: ‘Numerical investigation of fluid flow phenomenon in a curved shape tundish of billet caster’, ISIJ Int., 2005, 45, 1616–1625.
16.
MoralesR. D.BarretoJ. J.Lopez-RamirezS.Palafox-RamosJ.ZachariasD.: ‘Melt flow control in a multistrand tundish using a turbulence inhibitor’, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2000, 31, 1505–1515.
17.
Palafox-RamosJ.BarretoJ. J.Lopez-RamirezS.MoralesR. D.: ‘Melt flow optimisation using turbulence inhibitors in large volume tundishes', Ironmak. Steelmak., 2001, 28, 101–109.
18.
Lopez-RamirezS.BarretoJ. J.Palafox-RamosJ.MoralesR. D.ZachariasD.: ‘Modeling study of the influence of turbulence inhibitors on the molten steel flow, tracer dispersion, and inclusion trajectories in tundishes', Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2001, 32, 615–627.
19.
ZamoraA.MoralesR. D.Diaz-CruzM.Palafox-RamosJ.Barreto-SandovalJ. J.: ‘Inertial and buoyancy driven water flows under gas bubbling and thermal stratification conditions in a tundish model’, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2004, 35, 247–257.
20.
MerderT.WarzechaM.: ‘Optimization of a Six-strand continuous casting tundish: industrial measurements and numerical investigation of the tundish Modifications', Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2012, 43, 856–868.
21.
MerderT.PieprzycaJ.WarzechaM.: ‘Numerical modeling of steel flow in the six-strand tundish with different flow control devices', Metalurgia, 2009, 48, 143–147.
22.
Technical Information KI-52, Heraeus Elektro-Nite, 2012.
SaternusM.MerderT.WarzechaP.: ‘Numerical and physical modelling of aluminium barbotage process', Solid State Phenom.., 2011, 176, 1–10.
25.
FornalczykA.GolakS.PrzyłuckiR.: ‘Investigation of the influence of supply parameters on the velocity of molten metal in a metallurgical reactor used for platinum recovery’, Archives of civil and mechanical engineering, 2015, 15, 171–178.
