Many of the best scholars working in International Relations and Peace Science have employed statistical (e.g., logit/probit) and theoretical models to buttress claims of causally increased or decreased probabilities. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: to display the applicability of the tools of probabilistic causality and statistical explanation to assessing analyses in International Relations and Peace Science, and to assess the status of the claims of causally changed probabilities made in these disciplines. The paper displays the applicability of the relevant tools of probabilistic causality and statistical explanation by examining two remarkably interesting analyses due to Russell Leng and Patrick Regan. The paper concludes that claims of causally changed probabilities commonly made in the International Relations and Peace Science literatures are suspect.
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