Abstract
Background:
Sleep disorders, especially in women of child-bearing age, is an important public health issue. We aimed at examining the association between caffeine intake during pregnancy and sleep quality in the postpartum period.
Materials and Methods:
In this study, we investigated a sample of 360 postpartum women selected by the systematic random sampling method. We used the standard Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire for assessing sleep quality. Those with a score of more than 5 were considered poor sleepers. We used a 106-item Willett-format Dish-based semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (DS-FFQ). To examine the association of caffeine intake with sleep quality, we applied logistic regression in different models.
Results:
In this study, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 53%. Based on the second quartile of caffeine intake as a reference group, in crude model and model 1 (adjusted for age, occupation, education, body mass index, and infant sex), there was a significant association in quartile 4 of caffeine intake. In model 2 (adjusted for model 1 plus grains, fats, fruits and vegetables, nuts, fish and poultry, meats and dairy), there was a significant association in quartile 3 and quartile 4 of caffeine intake.
Conclusion:
The results of our study suggest a nonlinear significant association between caffeine intake and poor sleep quality in postpartum women.
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