Microsurgical Treatment of Tubal Sterility Using the CO 2 Laser: A Reasonable Alternative to IVF in Cases of Tubal Sterility

ABSTRACT

A retrospective analysis of women treated microsurgically using the CO₂ laser in sterility treatment was performed. The aim of the study was to determine women's personal feeling about the procedure, prognostic factors, success rates, and complications. Included were 192 patients with tubal occlusions or pelvic adhesions treated by means of C02 laser microsurgery between February 1984 and July 1992. A standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate women's procedure-related stress, extrauterine and intrauterine pregnancy rates, pregnancy complications, and postoperative complaints. In 75 cases, records and questionnaires contained sufficient data and were included for further analysis. Adhesiolysis alone, unilateral neosalpingostomy, bilateral neosalpingostomy, or new implantation was done in 7%, 52%, 33%, and 8%, respectively. In the range of 1–10, a medium degree procedure-related stress (mean 4.3, range 1–10) was expressed by the treated women. No surgery-related complications were observed. The overall pregnancy rate was 37.3%, and 10.7% were tubal pregnancies. In 26.7%, fertility surgery resulted in intrauterine pregnancies, and 21.3% of the treated women delivered living children. Three women had two consecutive pregnancies after surgery. Women with intrauterine pregnancy, extrauterine pregnancy, and no pregnancy had a mean age of 29.5 ± 3.8,27.3 ± 5.3, and 32.3 ± 4.2 years, respectively (p = NS). Mean duration of infertility before start of surgical treatment was 42.4 ± 34.6,41.6 ± 25.8, and 48.8 ± 33.2 months, respectively (p = NS). Intraabdominal instillation of streptokinase to prevent reformation of adhesions had no significant impact on tubal patency results or pregnancy rates. Our analysis shows that microsurgical procedures for pelvic adhesions and tubal occlusion using the CO₂ laser are efficacious. The intrauterine pregnancy rate is comparable to that of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in couples with only tubal sterility factor. (J GYNECOL SURG 10:221, 1994)