Evaluation of Expression of Transferred Genes in Differentiating Myeloid Cells: Expression of Human Glucocerebrosidase in Murine Macrophages

The retroviral vector LGSN, in which the human glucocerebrosidase (GC) cDNA is driven by the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) long terminal repeat (LTR), was tested for expression in the murine myelomonocytic leukemia cell line M1 before and after induction of differentiation with interleukin-6 (IL-6). Southern analysis of the seven transduced clones selected for neomycin resistance in Geneticin (G-418 sulfate) demonstrated one to eight copies of intact provirus with rearrangements in only two clones. Absolute levels of human GC RNA and protein increased with increased copy numbers of provirus in the clones. Upon induction with IL-6 of the seven transduced clones to the macrophage phenotype, there was no significant change, overall, in RNA levels but some increase in human GC protein levels could be detected. Although this was the average trend, considerable clonal variation in RNA and protein levels was observed upon induction. Transduction of the M1 cells did not interfere with the ability of the cells to differentiate from blasts to macrophages as seen by the appearance of membrane receptors for the constant region of immunoglobulins (FcγRI) and lysozyme production in the differentiated Ml cells. Thus, the M1 cell line can be used for testing retroviral vector expression in myeloid lineages at early and late stages of differentiation. This rapid in vitro testing of potential retroviral vectors will be beneficial for gene therapy of disorders that affect differentiated macrophages such as Gaucher's disease.

Overview summary

Gene therapy for Gaucher's disease, an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease, involves transduction of retroviral vectors into hematopoietic cells. Induction of the M1 cell line with IL-6 causes M1 blast cells to differentiate into macrophages. Freas et al. demonstrate that the M1 cell line is useful in testing retroviral vectors for their ability to express the transferred gene in myeloid lineages before and after induction to the macrophage phenotype.