Case Report Successful Engraftment Using Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells in a Patient with Primary Bone Marrow Graft Failure

G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) were utilized in a patient who failed to engraft after an unmanipulated HLA-matched allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Marrow engraftment occurred after repeated conditioning with high-dose cyclophosphamide and PBPC infusion. Severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) developed shortly after marrow engraftment. The role of PBPC in allogeneic transplant, the associated potential risk of GVHD, and the necessity of reconditioning before stem cell reinfusion are discussed.