Pupillary Response Induced by Acupuncture Stimulation – An Experimental Study

Bill A , Stjernschantz J , Mandahl A , Brodin E , Nilsson G. Substance P: release on trigeminal nerve stimulation, effects in the eye. Acta Physiol Scand 1979;106(3):371–3.

Ury B , Gellhorn E. Role of the sympathetic system in reflex dilatation of pupil. J Neurophysiol 1939;2:268–75.

Ward A , Reed H. Mechanism of papillary dilatation elicited by cortical stimulation. J Neurophysiol 1946;9(4):329–35.

Ohsawa H , Yamaguchi S , Ishimaru H , Shimura M , Sato Y. Neural mechanism of pupillary dilation elicited by electro-acupuncture stimulation in anesthetized rats. J Auton Nerv Syst 1997;64(2–3):101–6.

Nishijo K , Mori H , Yosikawa K , Yazawa K. Decreased heart rate by acupuncture stimulation in humans via facilitation of cardiac vagal activity and suppression of cardiac sympathetic nerve. Neurosci Lett 1997;227(3):165–8.

Tam KC , Yiu HH . The effect of acupuncture on essential hypertension. Am J Chin Med (Gard City N Y) 1975;3(4):369–75.

Williams T , Mueller K , Cornwall MW . Effect of acupuncture-point stimulation on diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: a preliminary study. Phys Ther 1991;71(7):523–9.

Kawamura H , Kawamura T , Kokai Y , Mori M , Matsuura A , Oya H , Expansion of extrathymic T cells as well as granulocytes in the liver and other organs of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor transgenic mice: why they lost the ability of hybrid resistance. J Immunol 1999;162(10):5957–64.

Kawamura T , Toyabe S , Moroda T , Iiai T , Takahashi-Iwanaga H , Fukada M , Neonatal granulocytosis is a postpartum event which is seen in the liver as well as in the blood. Hepatology 1997;26(6):1567–72.

Mnagawa M , Narita J , Tada T , Maruyama S , Shimizu T , Bannai M , Mechanisms underlying immunologic states during pregnancy: possible association of the sympathetic nervous system. Cell Immunol 1999;196(1):1–13.

Suzuki S , Toyabe S , Moroda T , Tada T , Tsukahara A , Iiai T , Circadian rhythm of leucocytes and lymphocytes subsets and its possible correlation with the function of the autonomic nervous system. Clin Exp Immunol 1997;110(3):500–8.

Toyabe S , Iiai T , Fukuda M , Kawamura T , Suzuki S , Uchiyama M , Identification of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on lymphocytes in the periphery as well as thymus in mice. Immunology 1997;92(2):201–5.

Yamagiwa S , Yoshida Y , Halder RC , Weerasinghe A , Sugahara S , Asakura H , Mechanisms involved in enteropathy induced by administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Dig Dis Sci 2001;46(1):192–9.

Mori H , Nishijo K , Kawamura H , Abo T. Unique immunomodulation by electro-acupuncture in humans possibly via stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. Neurosci Lett 2002;320(1–2):21–4.

Turner P. The human pupil as a model for clinical pharmacological investigations. JR Coll Physicians Lond 1975;9(2):165–71.

Ohyama Y , Sasaki K , Nakamura T. Effects of electro acupuncture on the function of autonomic nervous system in the pupillary diameter. Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 1995;45(4):258–62.

Takeda M , Ueno T , Igarashi Y. The effects of acupuncture in whiplash injury: a case report. Neuro-ophthalmol Jpn 1988;5(1):84–7.

Yamaguchi S. The effect of acupuncture on pupillary dynamics. The Japanese Society of Balneology Climatology and Physical Medicine 1995;58(4):232–40.

Utsumi T , Onishi Y , Hashimoto T. Pupillary diurnal variation under open-loop condition: Differences between open-loop and closed loop condition. Shinkei Shinpo (Advances in Neurology) 1978;22(3):615–23.

Nishijo K , Mori H , Tsukayama H , Yamashita H. Scientific approach for acupuncture. Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 1995;45(3):177–91.

Ishimura S. Procedures for analysis of variance and multiple comparison methods by SPSS. Tokyo: Tokyo Tosho; 2006. p. 244.

Nishijo K. Skin temperature distribution, meridian, and meridian phenomenon. Journal of the Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine 1976;39(3, 4):1–96.

Glick G , Braunwald E. Relative roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in the reflex control of heart rate. Circulation Research 1965;16:363–375.

Lowenstein O , Loewenfeld IE . Role of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in reflex dilation of the pupil; pupillographic studies. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1950;64(3):313–40.

Ernst M , Lee MH . Sympathetic vasomotor changes induced by manual and electrical acupuncture of the Hoku point visualized by thermography. Pain 1985;21(1):25–33.