Esta investigación examina la influencia de la similitud perceptual y del nivel socioeconómico (NSE) en la comprensión de representaciones bidimensionales en niños entre 30 y 42 meses. La similitud perceptual se varió utilizando fotografías a color y dibujos figurativos en lápiz negro en una tarea de correspondencias en la que niños de NSE medio y bajo debían establecer relaciones entre las imágenes y sus objetos referentes. Los resultados muestran una asincronía en la emergencia de la comprensión en función del NSE; la similitud perceptual influyó únicamente en los niños de NSE bajo. Mientras que los niños de NSE medio comprendieron la relación entre ambas imágenes y sus referentes a los 30 meses, los niños de NSE bajo demostraron comprender la naturaleza simbólica de las fotografías antes que la de los dibujos, a los 36 y 42 meses respectivamente. Estos resultados se discuten analizando las posibles relaciones entre NSE y experiencia simbólica y el papel de la similitud perceptual en el conocimiento infantil de las imágenes.
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