At the Third Plenum held in November 2013, the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted a comprehensive reform programme containing no less than 300 reform proposals. It is potentially the most important reform document to have been passed by the CPC since the landmark Third Plenum in December 1978. Entitled ‘The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Some Important Questions Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform’, the programme upgrades the role of the market in the general economic system from ‘basic’ to ‘decisive’. It also stipulates a number of reform measures within finance, banking, tax, real estate, hukou, urbanisation, government administration, family planning, etc., and establishes two new important leading bodies. One is The Central Leading Group on Comprehensively Deepening Reform and the other is the National Security Council. Xi Jinping is named chairman of both of these new powerful institutions. This indicates his increasingly dominant role in Chinese politics. The reform programme aims to create a more open and market-regulated Chinese economy by 2020, although without dismantling the guiding role of the state-owned economy. The article argues that implementation of the new ambitious goals will be met by resistance from entrenched vested interests. In the state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector powerful actors and interests will try to preserve the status quo. Some private investment will be allowed in publicly-owned entities in order to create enterprises characterised by mixed ownership. However, in key sectors of the economy SOEs will still enjoy a monopoly and will not be exposed to free market competition.
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) [Reform Has Shifted From State-Owned Enterprises to State-Owned Capital]. 
27.6%) [Qinghua University Investigation shows China’s Urban Hukou Rate only at 27.6%]. 
) [Former Minister of Finance: I am certainly not willing to pay property tax, if property rights have not been given to me]. 
1978-2013) [Key words in the documents of the third plenums from 1978 to 2013] 
”?) [‘“
) [Decision of the CPC Central Committee Concerning Several Issues Regarding the Establishment of a Socialist Market Economy System]. 
) [Xi Jinping: An Explanation of ‘The Decision of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee Concerning Some Important Questions about Comprehensively Deepening Reform], 
) [Notice of the Central Organization Department Concerning Improvement of the Political Evaluation of Local Leading Cadres]. 
) [Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Some Important Questions Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform]. 
) [Communiqué of the Meeting of Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party].