Confirmatory factor analysis was used to reanalyze correlational data from selected test variables in Guilford's Aptitudes Research Project (Hoepfner, Guilford, and Bradley, 1968). Results indicated that Guilford's model does serve to reproduce more closely the original correlation matrix than does either a no factor (null) model, a random factor model, or a single (general) factor model. Further, most of Guilford's tests exhibited high loadings on their hypothesized factors. Factors were well-differentiated. These results were interpreted as providing at least modest, if not strong, support for Guilford's SOI theory.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bentler, P. M. and Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
2.
Butcher, H. J. (1973). Intelligence and creativity. In P. Kline (Ed.), New approaches in psychological measurement. New York: Wiley.
3.
Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. Boston: Houghton Miffin.
4.
Eysenck, H. J. (1973). The inequality of man. London: Temple Smith.
5.
Eysenck, H. J. (1979). The structure and measurement of intelligence. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
6.
Guilford, J. P. (1959). Three faces of intellect. American Psychologist, 14, 469-479.
7.
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.
8.
Guilford, J. P. (1980). Fluid and crystallized intelligence: Two fanciful concepts. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 406-412.
9.
Guilford, J. P. (1981). Higher-order structure-of-intellect abilities. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 16, 411-435.
10.
Guilford, J. P. and Hoepfner, R. (1971). The analysis of intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.
11.
Harris, M. L. and Harris, C. W. (1971). A factor analytic interpretation strategy. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 31, 589-606.
12.
Haynes, J. R. (1970). Hierarchical analysis of factors in cognition. American Educational Research Journal, 7, 55-68.
13.
Hocevar, D. and El-Zahhar, N. (1985). Test anxiety in the USA and Egypt: A paradigm for investigating psychometric characteristics across cultures. In H. M. van der Ploeg, R. Schwarzer, and C. D. Spielberger, C. D. (Eds.). Advances in test anxiety research (Vol. 4) (pp. 203-213). Lisse, Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger B. V.
14.
Hocevar, D. , Khattab, A., and Michael W. B. (in press). Significance testing and efficiency in LISREL measurement models. Educational and Psychological Measurement.
15.
Hoepfner, R. , Guilford, J. P., and Bradley, P. A. (1968). Identification of transformation abilities in the structure-of-intellect model. Report from the Psychological Laboratory, University of Southern California, No. 41.
16.
Horn, J. L. (1976). Human abilities: A review of research and theories in the early 1970s. In M. R. Rosenzweig and L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 27). Palo Alto, Calif.: Annual Reviews, pp. 437-465.
17.
Horn, J. L. (1977). Personality and ability theory. In R. S. Cattell and R. M. Dreger (Eds.), Handbook of modern personality theory. Washington: D. C.: Hemisphere.
18.
Horn, J. L. and Knapp, J. R., (1973). On the subjective character of the empirical base of Guilford's structure-of-intellect model. Psychological Bulletin, 1973, 80, 33-43.
19.
Joreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psycometrika, 34, 183-202.
20.
Joreskog, K. G. and Sorbom, D., (1983) LISREL VI: Analysis of linear structural relationships by the method of maximum likelihood, User's guide (Version VI). Chicago: National Educational Resources (Distribution by International Educational Services).
21.
Kelderman, H. , Mellenbergh, G. J., and Elshout, J. J. (1981) Guilford's facet theory of intelligence: An empirical comparison of models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 16, 37-61.
22.
Khattab, A. , Michael, W. B., and Hocevar D. (1982). The construct validity of higher order structure-of-intellect abilities in a battery of tests emphasizing the product of transformations: A confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 42, 1089-1105.
23.
Pitner, N. J. and Hocevar, D. (1987). An empirical comparison of two-factor versus multifactor theories of principal leadership: Implications for the evaluation of school principals. Journal of Personnel Evaluation, 1, 93-109.
24.
Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago press.
25.
Tucker, L. R. and Lewis, C. A. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 1973, 38, 1-10.
26.
Undheim, O. J. and Horn, J. L. (1977). Critical evaluation of Guilford's structure-of-intellect theory. Intelligence, 1977, 1, 65-81.
27.
Vernon, P. E. (1979). Intelligence, heredity, and environment. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
