Abstract

Homilies on Judges, trans. Elizabeth Ann Dively Lauro
Contextualising the Philistines
Ann E. Killebrew & Gunnar Lehmann (eds), The Philistines and Other “Sea Peoples” in Text and Archaeology (Atlanta, GA: SBL, 2013. $88.95. pp. ix + 751. ISBN: 978-1-58983-129-2).
This book tries to escape from a simplistic understanding of Philistines and other ‘Sea Peoples’ (enigmatic ethno-political groups during the thirteenth- and twelfth- centuries BC), by placing them in the context of the networks of complex multi-directional interactions widely seen by archaeologists as characteristic of this period.
As giving even the briefest summary of each of the 24 chapters would render the present review unduly long, it may be helpful here to concentrate on what this book tells us about the Philistines, who may be of greater interest to readers than the other so-called ‘Sea Peoples’. However, even so, one should note the useful appendix by Adams and Chen on references to the ‘Sea Peoples’ in general in primary textual sources.
The chapter most directly addressing Biblical Studies is Singer’s fascinating restatement of the case for the historicity of the description and dating of the Philistines in the Bible. In a separate chapter, Barako reaches a similar conclusion regarding the date of the Philistines’ first appearance in the period known as Iron Age I, when, as Killebrew and Lehmann put it (p. 17) ‘groups associated with the Sea Peoples were among the “winners” to emerge from the ruins of the Late Bronze Age’.
Much of the remainder of the book is given over to material culture that could be associated with the Philistines, especially focussing on the class of pottery known as ‘Mycenaean IIIC’ or ‘LHIIIC’. Dothan and Ben-Shlomo argue that this originated in the twelfth century BC; several contributions emphasise its wider Aegean linkages. In methodological terms, three chapters stand out: Sherratt’s comments on the relationship between archaeology and texts, Killebrew’s exploration of the technological aspects of Mycenaean IIIC, and Laemmel’s use of long-term processes of socio-economic and cultural change to explain the continuity visible at Tell el-Far’ah, concluding that the site was part of a cultural world that included material related to the Philistines rather than a ‘Philistine site’.
In sum, the papers in this volume provide both an important study of the Philistines and their relationship with the other ‘Sea Peoples’, and a worthy tribute to Moshe Dothan.
KEN DARK
University of Reading
