In this article I compare the suicide theories advanced by two 19th-century thinkers, Masaryk and Durkheim, and test their conclusions using data from an East European country, Romania, before and after the 1989 fall of communism. Using data from various sources (censuses, vital statistical publications, European databases), I follow two main directions in my discussion: a) differences and similarities between the two theories of suicide and b) what can still be used from these theories to explain suicide as a social phenomenon.
Bradatan, C. (1999) `Sinuciderea ca fenomen social' [`Suicide as a Social Phenomenon'], Romanian Sociology2: 79—90.
2.
Breault, K.D. (1994) `Was Durkheim Right? A Critical Survey of the Empirical Literature on Le Suicide', in D. Lester (ed.) Emile Durkheim. Le Suicide. 100 Years Later, pp. 264—95. Philadelphia, PA: The Charles Press.
3.
Chesnais, J.C. (1981) Histoire de la violance [History of Violence]. Paris: Robert Laffart.
4.
Delumeau, J. (1997) Pãcatul si frica. Culpabilizarea în Occident (secolele 13—15) [The Sin and the Fear. Culpableness in the Occident between the 13th and 15th Century], trans. into Romanian by I. Ilinca and C. Chiriac. Iasi: Polirom.
5.
De Never, R. (2003) Comrades No More. The Seeds of Change in Eastern EuropeCambridge, MA: The MIT Press .
6.
Douglas, J.D. (1967) The Social Meanings of Suicide. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
7.
Durkheim, E. (1965) Suicide, trans. J.A. Spaulding and G. Simpson. New York: Free Press (original published 1897).
8.
Giddens, A. (1970) `Introduction', in T.G. Masaryk, Suicide and the Meaning of Civilization, trans. W.B. Weist and R.G. Batson.Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
9.
Graunt, J. (1977) `Natural and Political Observations Mentioned in a Following Index, and Made Upon the Bills of Mortality', in D. Smith and N. Keyfitz (eds) Mathematical Demography, Selected Papers. Berlin: Springer-Verlag (original published 1688).
10.
Heynes, B. (2005) `Emerging Inequalities in Central and Eastern Europe' , Annual Review of Sociology31: 163—97.
11.
Joiner, T.E. Jr, Brown, J.S. and Wingate, L.R. (2005) `The Psychology and Neurobiology of Suicide Behavior', Annual Review ofPsychology56: 287—314.
12.
Masaryk, T.G. (1970) Suicide and the Meaning of Civilization, trans. W.B. Weist and R.G. Batson. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press (original published 1881).
13.
Romanian Yearbook (2004) Bucharest: Romanian National Institute for Statistics ( www.insee.ro).
14.
Timmermans, S. (2005) `Suicide Determination and Medical Professional Authority', American Sociological Review2: 311—33.
15.
Váry, S. (2003) `Une singularité de la sainte publique: l'évolution de la mortalité en Hongrie depuis 1970' [`A Singularity of Public Health: Evolution of Mortality in Hungary after 1970'], Revue d'étude comparatives Est—Ouest34(1): 123—65.