Polyester-Kenaf Composites: Effects of Alkali Fiber Treatment and Toughening of Matrix Using Liquid Natural Rubber

Abstract

In this study, polyester-kenaf fiber composites were prepared by adding various percentages of kenaf fiber in unsaturated polyester resin and subsequently cross-linked using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and the accelerator cobalt octanoate. Liquid natural rubber (LNR) (3%) was added as a toughening agent. Kenaf fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide solution to improve the interfacial bonding between the fiber and the matrix. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated by impact and flexural testing. Environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) of composites in acid and base medium was also studied. Bonding mechanisms were assessed by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared analysis. It was found that the addition of LNR increased the impact strength and fracture toughness. Alkali fiber treatment was found to provide better impact and flexural strengths to the composites. Measurement of ESCR shows that the composite with acid medium has the fastest diffusion rate, followed by that with base medium, and then without medium.

Keywords

kenaf alkalization polyester toughened liquid natural rubber.

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