Spectral,surface and thermal properties of poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/organo-modified-TiO 2 /organo-modified-layered silicate ternary nanocomposites containing l -leucine amino acid fabricated by sonication process
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online February, 2015
Spectral,surface and thermal properties of poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/organo-modified-TiO 2 /organo-modified-layered silicate ternary nanocomposites containing l -leucine amino acid fabricated by sonication process
Since a few years ago, a topic of curiosity consists in evolving composites filled with the nanofillers to improve various properties of polymer matrix. This work aims to investigate the structure–property relationship in ternary nanocomposites containing of amorphous poly(vinylpyrrolidone) as the matrix, organo-modified-TiO2 nanoparticles and organo-modified-montmorillonite as the nanofillers. In this regard, poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/organo-modified-TiO2/organo-modified-montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared by sonication process with 10 wt% of organo-modified-TiO2 and different loadings (3, 5 and 7 wt%) of organo-modified-montmorillonite. Nanostructure characterization and dispersion capacity of nanofillers in the polymer matrix were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. According to these data, the nanostructure of ternary nanocomposites was predominantly intercalated. Also, incorporation of the organoclay and TiO2 nanoparticles into the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) system was observed to have an obvious effect on the shape and size of polymer matrix. According to thermogravimetric analysis data, the presence of organo-modified-montmorillonite and organo-modified-TiO2 in the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) matrix, caused an improved in the thermal stability of the obtained poly(vinylpyrrolidone) nanocomposites.
PereiraDLosadaPPAnguloI. Development of a polyamide nanocomposite for food industry: morphological structure, processing, and properties. Polym Compos2009; 30: 436–444.
2.
ChenLShenHLuZ. Fabrication and characterization of TiO2–SiO2 composite nanoparticles and polyurethane/(TiO2–SiO2) nanocomposite films. Colloid Polym Sci2007; 285: 1515–1520.
3.
ParkYWLeeDSKimSH. Mechanical, surface, and thermal properties of polyamideimide–polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites fabricated by sol–gel process. J Appl Polym Sci2004; 91: 1774–1783.
4.
LiBHuYLiuJ. Preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate)/LDH nanocomposite by exfoliation-adsorption process. Colloid Polym Sci2003; 281: 998–1001.
5.
TangEDongS. Preparation of styrene polymer/ZnO nanocomposite latex via miniemulsion polymerization and its antibacterial property. Colloid Polym Sci2009; 287: 1025–1032.
6.
DorigatoAMorandiSPegorettiA. Effect of nanoclay addition on the fiber/matrix adhesion in epoxy/glass composites. J Compos Mater2012; 46: 1439–1451.
7.
LiuLLiangBWangW. Preparation of polyimide/inorganic nanoparticle hybrid films by sol–gel method. J Compos Mater2006; 40: 2175–2183.
Al-MullaA. Development and characterization of polyamide-10, 6/organoclay nanocomposites. Int J Polym Anal Charact2009; 14: 540–550.
10.
MishraSSonawaneSSShimpiNG. Influence of organo-montomorillonite on mechanical and rheological properties of polyamide nanocomposites. Appl Clay Sci2009; 46: 222–225.
11.
PavlidouSPapaspyridesCD. A review on polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. Prog Polym Sci2008; 33: 1119–1198.
12.
SharmilaRJPremkumarSAlagarM. Preparation and characterization of organoclay-filled, vinyl ester-modified unsaturated polyester nanocomposites. High Perform Polym2010; 22: 16–27.
13.
ZhangXLooLS. Morphology and mechanical properties of a novel amorphous polyamide/nanoclay nanocomposite. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys2008; 46: 2605–2617.
14.
TunçSDumanO. Preparation and characterization of biodegradable methyl cellulose/ montmorillonite nanocomposite films. Appl Clay Sci2010; 48: 414–424.
15.
TunçSDumanO. The effect of different molecular weight of poly(ethylene glycol) on the electrokinetic and rheological properties of Na-bentonite suspensions. Colloid Surface A2008; 317: 93–99.
16.
ZulfiqarSRafiqueMSajjad ShaukatM. Influence of clay modification on the properties of aramid-layered silicate nanocomposites. Colloid Polym Sci2009; 287: 715–723.
17.
KusmonoMohd IshakZAChowWS. Effect of clay modification on the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyamide 6/polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polym Compos2010; 31: 1156–1167.
18.
García-LópezDFrancisco FernándezJMerinoJC. Effect of organic modification of sepiolite for PA 6 polymer/organoclay nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol2010; 70: 1429–1436.
19.
KimESShimJHWooJY. Effect of the silane modification of clay on the tensile properties of nylon 6/clay nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci2010; 117: 809–816.
20.
MoonSKimJNahC. Polyurethane/montmorillonite nanocomposites prepared from crystalline polyols, using 1,4-butanediol and organoclay hybrid as chain extenders. Eur Polym J2004; 40: 1615–1621.
21.
YooYPaulDR. Effect of organoclay structure on morphology and properties of nanocomposites based on an amorphous polyamide. Polymer2008; 49: 3795–3804.
22.
EshaghiAPakshirMMozaffariniaR. Preparation and characterization of TiO2 sol–gel modified nanocomposite films. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol2010; 55: 278–284.
23.
PipelzadehEBabaluoAAHaghighiM. Silver doping on TiO2 nanoparticles using a sacrificial acid and its photocatalytic performance under medium pressure mercury UV lamp. Chem Eng J2009; 155: 660–665.
24.
OwpraditWMekasuwandumrongOPanpranotJ. Synthesis of LLDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites by in situ polymerization with zirconocene/dMMAO catalyst: effect of [Al]/[Zr] ratios and TiO2 phases. Polym Bull2011; 66: 479–490.
25.
RuiterkampGJHempeniusMAWormeesterH. Surface functionalization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with alkanephosphonic acids for transparent nanocomposites. J Nanopart Res2011; 13: 2779–2790.
26.
MengXWangHQianZ. Preparation of photodegradable polypropylene/clay composites based on nanoscaled TiO2 immobilized organoclay. Polym Compos2009; 30: 543–549.
27.
BaeTHKimICTakTM. Preparation and characterization of fouling-resistant TiO2 self-assembled nanocomposite membranes. J Membrane Sci2006; 275: 1–5.
28.
MejiaMIMarinJMRestrepoG. Preparation, testing and performance of a TiO2/polyester photocatalyst for the degradation of gaseous methanol. Appl Catal B: Environ2010; 94: 166–172.
29.
KubackaASerranoCFerrerM. High-performance dual-action polymer-TiO2 nanocomposite films via melting processing. Nano Lett2007; 7: 2529–2534.
30.
YuvarajHKimWSKimJT. Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) encapsulated TiO2 nanocomposite particles in supercritical CO2. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst2009; 514: 25–35.
31.
UygunATurkogluOSenS. The electrical conductivity properties of polythiophene/TiO2 nanocomposites prepared in the presence of surfactants. Curr Appl Phys2009; 9: 866–871.
32.
XiongLLiangHWangR. A novel route for the synthesis of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) grafted titania nanoparticles via ATRP. J Polym Res2011; 18: 1017–1021.
33.
MallakpourSAalizadehR. A simple and convenient method for the surface coating of TiO2 nanoparticles with bioactive chiral diacids containing different amino acids as the coupling agent. Prog Org Coat2013; 76: 648–653.
34.
MallakpourSNikkhooE. Morphological and thermal properties of nanocomposites contain poly(amide-imide) reinforced with bioactive N-trimellitylimido-l-valine modified TiO2 nanoparticles. J Polym Res2013; 20: 78–84.
35.
ZhengMPJinYPJinGL. Characterization of TiO2-PVP nanocomposites prepared by the sol-gel method. J Mater Sci Lett2000; 19: 433–436.
36.
SzczerbaMŚrodońJSkibaM. One-dimensional structure of exfoliated polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: A polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) case study. Appl Clay Sci2010; 47: 235–241.
37.
BühlerV. Polyvinylpyrrolidone excipients for pharmaceuticals povidone, crospovidone and copovidone, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2005.
38.
ZabskaMJaskiewiczKKiersnowskiA. Spontaneous exfoliation and self-assembly phenomena in polyvinylpyrrolidone/synthetic layered silicate nanocomposites. Radiat Phys Chem2011; 80: 1125–1128.
39.
RameshSSivasamyAAlagarM. Synthesis and characterization of poly(n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) clay hybrid nanocomposites. J Compos Mater2010; 45: 1483–1489.
40.
DornelasCBda SilvaAMDantasCB. Preparation and evaluation of a new nano pharmaceutical excipients and drug delivery system based in polyvinylpyrrolidone and silicate. J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci2011; 14: 17−35–17−35.
41.
MallakpourSDinariM. Preparation and characterization of new organoclays using natural amino acids and Cloisite Na+. Appl Clay Sci2011; 51: 353–359.
MallakpourSBanihassanKSabzalianMR. Novel bioactive chiral poly(amide–imide)s containing different amino acids linkages: studies on synthesis, characterization and biodegradability. J Polym Environ2013; 21: 568–574.
44.
MallakpourSKhaniM. Construction and characterization of poly(amide-ester-imide) nanocomposites containing N-trimellitylimido-l-leucine toughened with a combination of bioactive surface-grafted TiO2. Prog Org Coat2013; 76: 1608–1615.
45.
MallakpourSNikkhooE. Morphological and thermal properties of nanocomposites contain poly (amide-imide) reinforced with bioactive N-trimellitylimido-l-valine modified TiO2 nanoparticles. J Polym Res2013; 20: 1–7.
46.
Abd El-MohdyHLGhanemS. Biodegradability, antimicrobial activity and properties of PVA/PVP hydrogels prepared by γ-irradiation. J Polym Res2009; 16: 1–10.
47.
SeabraABDa RochaLLEberlinMN. Solid films of blended poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) for topical S-nitrosoglutathione and nitric oxide release. J Pharm Sci2005; 95: 994–1003.
48.
HashimotoMTakadamaHMizunoM. Enhancement of mechanical strength of TiO2/high-density polyethylene composites for bone repair with silane-coupling treatment. Mater Res Bull2006; 41: 515–524.
49.
MoadGRizzardoEThangSH. Radical addition–fragmentation chemistry in polymer synthesis. Polymer2008; 49: 1079–1131.
ZhangJHanZChenM. Synthesis and application in solar cell of poly(3-dodecylthiophene)/titanium dioxide nanocomposite. J Phys Chem Solids2010; 71: 1316–1323.
52.
KlugHPAlexanderLE. X-ray diffraction procedures for polycrystalline and amorphous materials, New York: Wiley, 1954.
53.
BedreMDBasavarajaSSalweBD. Preparation and characterization of Pani and Pani-Ag nanocomposites via interfacial polymerization. Polym Compos2009; 30: 1668–1677.
54.
KontouENiaounakisMGeorgiopoulosP. Comparative study of PLA nanocomposites reinforced with clay and silica nanofillers and their mixtures. J Appl Polym Sci2011; 122: 1519–1529.
55.
RaoYQBlantonTN. Polymer nanocomposites with a low thermal expansion coefficient. Macromolecules2008; 41: 935–941.
56.
TianHTagayaH. Dynamic mechanical property and photochemical stability of perlite/PVA and OMMT/PVA nanocomposites. J Mater Sci2008; 43: 766–770.
57.
MallakpourSDinariM. The synergetic effect of chiral organoclay and surface modified-Al2O3 nanoparticles on thermal and physical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) based nanocomposite films. Prog Org Coat2013; 76: 263–268.
58.
Van KrevelenDWHoftyzerPJ. Properties of polymers, 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1976.
