Remarkably little is known about the type, source, and patterns of physical victimization inside prison and less is known about whether differences in victimization exist between male and female inmates. This article explores the type, source, and patterns of physical victimization as reported by approximately 7,000 male and 560 female inmates. Respondents completed survey questions about seven types of physical victimization and two perpetrator sources (inmate and staff). These data show similarities and differences in patterns of victimization between male and female inmates and provide a rich description of victimization inside prison and its relationship to feeling safe there.
Bottoms, A.E. (1999). Interpersonal violence and social order in prisons . In M. Tonry & J. Petersilia (Eds.), Prisons (pp. 205-281), Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2.
Bowker, L. (1980). Prison victimization. New York : Elsevier North Holland.
3.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2003). Census of state and federal correctional facilities 2000 (No. NCJ 198272) . Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
4.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2004). Data collections for the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
5.
Dumond, R.W. (2003). Confronting America's most ignored crime problem: The Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 31, 354-360.
6.
Elliott, A.C., & Reisch, J.S. (2006, April). Implementing a multiple comparison test for proportions in a 2 × c crosstabulation in SAS (Paper 204-31). Paper presented at the proceedings of the 31st Annual SAS Users Group International, San Francisco.
7.
Gilligan, J. (1997). Violence: Reflections on a national epidemic. New York: Vintage.
8.
Irwin, J. (1980). Prisons in turmoil. Boston : Little, Brown.
9.
Irwin, J. (2005). The warehouse prison. Disposal of the new dangerous class. Los Angeles: Roxbury.
10.
Keller, M., & Wang, H. (2005). Inmate assaults in Texas jails. The Prison Journal, 85, 515-534.
11.
Liebling, A. (2004). Prisons and their moral performance: A study of values, quality, and prison life. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.
12.
Mariner, J. (2001). No escape: Male rape in U.S. prisons. New York: Human Rights Watch.
13.
McCorkle, L.W., & Korn, R.R. (1954). Resocialization within the walls. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 293, 88-98.
14.
McCorkle, R.C. (1992). Personal precautions to violence in prison. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 19, 160-173.
15.
McCorkle, R.C. (1993). Fear of victimization and symptoms of psychopathology among prison inmates. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 19, 27-41.
16.
Pollock, J.M. (2004). Prisons and prison life, costs and consequences . Los Angeles: Roxbury.
17.
Riley, J. (2000). Sensemaking in prison: Inmate identity as a working understanding. Justice Quarterly, 17, 359-376.
18.
Sykes, G. (1958). The society of captives: A study of a maximum security prison. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
19.
Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2000). Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of violence against women: Findings from the national violence against women survey (No. NCJ 183781). Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention .
20.
Toch, H. (1977). Living in prison: The ecology of survival. New York: Free Press.
21.
Wolff, N., Blitz, C., Shi, J., Siegel, J., & Bachman, R. (2007). Physical violence inside prison: Rates of victimization . Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34, 588-599.
22.
Wolff, N., Shi, J., & Siegel, J. (2009). Patterns of victimization among male and female inmates: Evidence of an enduring legacy. Violence & Victims , in press.
23.
Wooldredge, J.D. (1994). Inmate crime and victimization in a southwestern correctional facility. Journal of Criminal Justice, 22, 367-381.
24.
Wooldredge, J.D. (1998). Inmate lifestyles and opportunities for victimization . Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35, 480-502.
25.
Wooldredge, J.D., Griffin, T., & Pratt, I. (2001). Considering hierarchical models for research on inmate behavior: Predicting misconduct with multilevel data. Justice Quarterly, 18, 203-231.
