The Relationship Between Adult Attachment Styles and Emotion Dysregulation With Fragile and Grandiose Narcissism

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between adult attachment patterns, emotion dysregulation, and pathological narcissism—both fragile and grandiose dimensions. Previous research has indicated that attachment styles and emotion regulation difficulties play significant roles in narcissism development; however, the combined effects of these variables on both dimensions of narcissism remain insufficiently explored. The sample consisted of 114 individuals aged at least 18 years who were selected using convenience sampling from Sakarya University’s student population. The gender distribution was balanced, with 57 (50%) female and 57 (50%) male participants. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Pathological Narcissism Inventory, Relationship Scales Questionnaire, and a Demographic Information Form were administered to participants. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software. Between-group differences were examined using t test analysis, relationships between variables were investigated using Pearson correlation analysis, and predictive capacity was determined using hierarchical regression analysis. The results revealed a significant negative relationship between fragile narcissism and secure attachment, while positive relationships were found between fragile narcissism and preoccupied attachment, dismissive attachment, and emotion dysregulation difficulties. No significant relationships were found between grandiose narcissism and attachment styles. When all independent variables were included in the regression analysis, they collectively explained 36% of the variance in fragile narcissism, with emotion dysregulation (β = .395) and preoccupied attachment (β = .287) emerging as the strongest predictors. These findings highlight the importance of addressing emotion regulation skills and insecure attachment patterns in therapeutic interventions for individuals with fragile narcissistic traits, which may contribute to more effective clinical approaches and psychological support strategies.

Keywords

Attachment styles emotion dysregulation fragile narcissism grandiose narcissism pathological narcissism

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