The Sociological Review
‘The ecosystem of commons-based peer production and its transformative dynamics’
Michel Bauwens and Alekos Pantazis
DOI: 10.1177/0038026118758532
The authors of the above article have requested a corrigendum due to a potential claim of plagiarism. The article published in The Sociological Review includes passages from a forthcoming publication also co-authored by Michel Bauwens:
Peer to Peer, the Commons Manifesto
Bauwens, M., Kostakis, V., & Pazaitis, A. (in press). London, UK: University of Westminster Press.
The book manuscript predates the article, but the book publication date was delayed due to the review process. It is now scheduled for publication in March 2019. SAGE do not consider the amount of content taken from the forthcoming publication to constitute self-plagiarism (or duplicate publication), as it is understandable that authors reuse fair and acceptable amounts of their own work in new original works. However, in this case SAGE acknowledges the authors’ request to correct their published article with clearer referencing by means of a corrigendum.
pp. 313: “like many free and open-source software projects, and an increasing number of open design projects, that build new post-capitalist ecosystems of value creation. […] ecosystems of various CBPP projects are interrelated through their digital commons (the output of one project can be the input of another) and, thus, CBPP can be seen as a grand ecosystem […] of diverse smaller […] ecosystems […]”
pp. 307: “broad community of diverse professionals (productive community), including […] legal and financial experts […] pool their skills and creative energy to […] a commons of knowledge and software” “[…] picture is completed with the Enspiral Foundation (for-benefit association), a cooperatively governed non-profit, that facilitates collaboration and supports […] the network as a whole. […] The Foundation, as the ‘root node’ of the network (Vial, 2012), is the entity with which all professionals and companies have a formal relationship. It maintains the network’s infrastructure, holds the collective property and guarantees its culture and mission. […] by offering their software solutions and services to clients, they eventually distribute this revenue back to the contributors […] a part of it (usually 20%) is […] the Foundation.”
pp. 309: “The Enspiral culture is dedicated to the creation of value for the society, rather than for shareholders. […] it is oriented towards the common good and is proactively […] the conditions to serve this purpose. […] ‘capped returns’. The general idea is to introduce an upper limit (a ‘cap’) on the total returns […] investors may receive on the equity of a business. For this, the shares issued by a company are coupled by a matching call option,[…] the repurchase of the shares by the shareholders at an agreed […] or expertise (e.g. engineers, researchers, developers or lawyers) […], as well as organizations from the business and public sector, and civil society.
pp. 310: “network, and, in particular, to the people that have been involved. For this, Sensorica has developed a system that facilitates value accounting and resource management in the network. […] all activities in the network […] the relevant resources […] are either used or generated by a project […] project’s output can be another project’s Input […] commons-based community and […] entrepreneurial entity. On the one hand, individuals and organizations (productive community) pool resources and organize themselves around projects that produce open-source hardware technological solutions.”
pp. 312: “as long as the basic principle of openness is maintained. […] may manufacture and sell the tools or components […] They may sell partially assembled kits, or […] conduct workshops to teach other farmers how to build their own tools.”
pp. 313-314: “contributing to the pool of digital commons. […] they […] either to the state (payment by the state, for example via public universities and publicly-funded science, or subsidies for culture and non-profits), or the capitalist market.”
pp. 315-316: “ productive community corresponds to the civil society with its citizen-contributors; the entrepreneurial coalitions to the economic society of market entities; and the for-benefit association to the political society of the state. […] for-benefit associations of the CBPP ecosystems are, at the micro-level, a snapshot of ‘the state of CBPP’, […] that they serve the ‘common good’ of the […] system. […] seen at the macro-level, this allows us to look at the evolution of the state, in a commons-centric society […] a ‘partner state’ […] the public authorities would empower and […] the direct creation of value by civil society […] scale, by creating and sustaining infrastructures for commons-based contributory systems. […] a partner state approach is already seen in some urban practices, such as the Bologna Regulation for the Care and Regeneration of the Urban Commons or the Barcelona En Comú citizen platform. […] Bologna Regulation is based on a […] in the Italian constitution […] engaged citizens to claim urban resources as commons, and to declare an interest in their care and management. After an evaluation procedure, an ‘accord’ is signed with the city, specifying how the city will support […] with an appropriate mix of resources, and specifying a joint ‘public–commons’ management. […] radical in […] citizens […] direct power to […] policy proposals and transform the city and its infrastructure, […] as an enabler in this. The key here is the reversal of logic: the citizenry initiates and proposes, the city enables and supports. […] a great diversity of grassroots initiatives, from the commons-oriented crowdfunding platform of Goteo to the Cooperativa Integral Catalana to Guifi.net, a free/open telecommunications community network. […] Barcelona is not a city in reform from the top down; it is a city in transformation from the bottom up. This is how the BeC citizen platform emerged, took power, and […] governs as a minority in the City of Barcelona. […] activist level praxis matured into a political force, attempting to share its hard-won knowledge and experience internationally. […] mid-March 2016, Barcelona hosted the Commons Collaborative Economies event (‘Procomuns’), centred on producing public policy proposals for the commons economy. The event, which drew a […], diverse […] from 30 countries, produced a joint statement and a series of policy recommendations targeted towards the Barcelona City Council, the European Commission and other local governments. […] hybrid participatory process combining in-person and digital input has been developed for city residents to collaborate in municipal debate and decision making […] be found among the forces representing the other modes of production and allocation. This implies uniting the forces which support the commons, support generative and ethical markets and support the development of […]”
