Bath Concentration and Add-on Control in Wet-on-Wet Padding

Abstract

One concern associated with wet-on-wet processing is the changing chemical concentration in the pad bath. After processing for several hundred yards or so, chemical add-on considerably decreases, resulting in poor performance properties of finished goods or decreased shade depth. To obtain a constant bath concentration and add-on, an appropriate initial concentration and a reconstitution stream with higher concentration than the initial concentration should be used. The validity of a mathematical model relating parameters in wet-on-wet padding is proven by experimental data from both laboratory and production scales. Using that model, changes in pad bath concentration can be quantitatively described. For given processing conditions and add-on requirements, an initial pad concentration and a different reconstitution concentration can be obtained from the model to assure a constant add-on from the beginning to the end of the wet-on-wet process.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

1. Ankeny, M., A Study of Wet-on-wet Pad Batch Dyeing on 100% Cotton Interlock Fabric, report number DF04-96, Cotton Incorporated, NY, 1996.

2. Broadbent, A. D. , and Bao, X. , Simulating Textile Padding with Vacuum Extraction, Part I: Influence of Process Variables under Ideal Conditions, Textile Res. J. 64(4), 230–235 (1994).

3. Broadbent, A. D. , Bao, X. , Hamoudi, S. , and Kong, X. , Simulating Textile Padding with Vacuum Extraction, Part II: Perturbation of the Bath Concentration, Textile Res. J. 64(5), 262–269 (1994).

4. Broadbent, A. D. , and Kong, X. , The Application of Reactive Dyes to Cotton by a Wet-on-wet Cold Pad-batch Method, J. Soc. Dyers Colour. 111(6), 187–190 (1995).

5. Ellis, T., Prewet Sizing, in “Troubleshooting and Innovations in Slashing, Book of Papers, AATCC Warp Sizing Symposium,” Athens, GA, March 3-4, 1999.

6. Lavergne, S., Pelletier, G., and Sarabi, P., The Application of Reactive Dyes to Cotton by a Wet-on-wet Padding Technique, “AATCC Book of Papers: 1989 International Conference and Exhibition,” October 1989, pp. 75-79.

7. Shah, R. K. , and Mittal, R. M. , Wet-on-wet Treatments—Effective Means of Energy Conservation. ATRIA Tech. Digest 21(4), 109–117 (1987).

8. Teli, M. D. , Shah, S. , and Topiwala, N. , Wet-on-wet Finishing Against Conventional Dry-in-wet Finishing, Part 1, Textile Dyer Print. 20(22), 17–22 (1987).

9. Teli, M. D. , Shah, S. , and Topiwala, N. , Wet-on-wet Finishing Against Conventional Dry-in-wet Finishing, Part 2, Textile Dyer Print. 20(24), 17–21 (1987).

10.

10. Trauter, J. , Bottle, H. , Wunderlich, W. , and Vialon, R. , Ultrasonic Treatment in the Size Box and Steaming of Raw Yarns for the Purpose of Increasing the Affinity of the Sizing Material to the Fibre, Textil-Prax. Int. 49(7/8), XIII–XIV (1994).