Enhancing Dye Adsorption of Wool Fibers with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid Processing

Abstract

In this paper, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid (IL) which has good solubility for wool keratin, was employed to treat the wool fibers. The characterization of IL treatment on the wool fibers was first investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Allwörden reaction and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Then, the effect of the IL treatment on the wool adsorption properties for an acid dye was studied through the dyeing rate test. The IL treatment was proven to be an effective process for wool characterization. The scales of the IL-treated wool fibers were eroded and even dislodged when the treatment temperature was increased according to the SEM observations. The Allwörden reaction showed that the epicuticle of wool fibers was damaged and became incomplete after the IL treatment. XRD indicated that the IL treatments could cause the decrease in the degree of crystallinity of wool fibers. Furthermore, the adsorption and diffusion behaviors of the IL-treated wool samples showed that the ionic liquid modification could improve the sorption properties of the wool fibers as represented by the increases in the dyeing rate.

Keywords

chemical modification diffusion dyeing surface modification chemical properties materials

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Seddon, K.R. , Ionic Liquids for Clean Technology, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 6(4), 351-356 (1997).

Zhang, S. , Lu, X.Y. , and Zhang, Q. , Molecular Thermodynamics of Complex Systems, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2009.

Li, Z. , Liu, H. , and Liu, Y. , A Room-Temperature Ionic-Liquid-Templated Proton-Conducting Gelatinous Electrolyte , J. Phys. Chem. B, 108(45), 17512-17518 (2004).

Zhao, Z. , Qiao, W. , Wang, X. , Wang, G. , Li, Z. , and Cheng, L. , Effects of Kinds of Ionic Liquid Catalysts on Alkylations of 1-and 2-methylnaphthalene with Alkenes, Appl. Catal. A Gen. 290(1-2), 133-137 ( 2005).

Yang, Z. , and Pan, W. , Ionic Liquids : Green Solvents for Nonaqueous Biocatalysis, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 37(1), 19-28 ( 2005).

Scott, M.P. , Rahman, M. , and Brazel, C.S. , Application of Ionic Liquids as Low Volatility Plasticizers for PMMA, Eur. Polym. J., 39(10), 1947-1953 ( 2003).

Swatloski, R.P. , Spear, S.K. , Holbrey, J.D. , and Rogers, R.D. , Dissolution of Cellulose with Ionic Liquids , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124(18), 4974-4975 (2002).

Philips, D.M. , Drummy, L.F. , and Naik, R.R. , Regenerated Silk Fiber Wet Spinning from an Ionic Liquid Solution, J. Mater. Chem., 15(39), 4206-4208 ( 2005).

Xie, H.B. , Li, S.H. , and Zhang, S.B. , Ionic Liquids as Novel Solvents for the Dissolution and Blending of Wool Keratin Fibers , Green Chem . 7 (8), 606-608 (2005).

10.

Rippon, J.A. , Comments on ‘Pathways for Dye Diffusion in Wool Fibers’, Textile Res. J., 69(4), 307-308 (1999).

11.

Cardamone, J.M. , Yao, J. , Nunez , A. , DCCA Shrinkproofing of Wool, Part I: Importance of Antichlorination, Textile Res. J., 74(6), 555-560 (2004).

12.

Shao, J.Z. , Liu, J.Q. , Zheng, J.H. , and Christopher, M.C. , FTIR Spectroscopy Study of the Wool Surface Modification in Permonosulphate/Sulphite Process, J. Textile Res., 22(5), 285-287 (2001).

13.

Hermiston, B.N. , and Pitts, J.M.D. , The Surface Characteristics of Wool Fibers Treated in Liquid Ammonia, J. Textile Inst. , 67(2), 72-76 (1976).

14.

Leeder, J.D. , and Bradbury, J.H. , Effects of Shrinkproofing and Other Chemical Treatments on the Epicuticle of Wool, Textile Res. J., 41(3), 215-218 (1971).

15.

Wang, J. , He, J.X. , and Dai, J.J. , Identification of Some AOX Compounds Formed in Wool Chlorination Using Model Chemicals, J. Dong Hua University (En. Ed.) , 19(2), 33-35 (2002).

16.

Chen, J.R. , and Wakida, T. , Studies on the Surface Free Energy and Surface Structure of PTFE Film Treated with Low Temperature Plasma, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 63(13), 1733-1739 (1997 ).

17.

Cai, Z. , and Qiu, Y. , Dyeing Properties of Wool Fabrics Treated with Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 109(2), 1257-1261 (2008 ).

18.

Cui, L. , Yu, Y.Y. , Fan , X.R. , Wang, P. , and Wang, Q. , Effect of Protease Treatment on Dyeing Properties of Wool Fabrics for Single Bath, Eng. Life. Sci., 9(2), 135-139 ( 2009).

19.

Heine, E. , and Hocker, H. , Enzyme Treatments for Wool and Cotton, Rev. Prog. Color., 25(1), 57-63 (1995).

20.

Domańska, U. , and Bogel-Lukasik , E. , Solid-liquid Equilibria for Systems Containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride, Fluid Phase Equilibr., 218(1), 123-129 ( 2004).

21.

Wakelyn, P.J. , The Allwörden Reaction on Corona Treated Wool, Textile Res. J., 42(1), 67-69 (1972).

22.

Segal, L. , Creely, J.J. , Martin, Jr. A.E. , and Conrad, C.M. , An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-ray Diffractomer, Textile Res. J., 29(10), 786-794 (1959).

23.

Fakin, D. , Alenka, O. , and Sonja, C.B. , The Impact of Corona Modified Fibers’ Chemical Changes on Wool Dyeing , J. Mate. Process. Technol., 209(1), 584-589 (2009).

24.

McDonald, R. , Color Physics for Industry, 2nd edn, Society of Dyers and Colorists, Bradford, UK, 1997.

25.

Bradbury, J.H. , and Leeder, J.D. , Keratin fibers. Part VI: Mechanism of the Allwörden Reaction. Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 25(1), 133-138 (1972).

26.

Tsukada, M. , Shiozaki, H. , Freddi , G. , and Crighton, J.S. , Graft-copolymerization of Benzyl Bethacrylate onto Wool Fibers, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 64(2), 343-350 (1997).

27.

Rouette, H.K. , Encyclopedia of Textile Finishing, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2001.