Advancing moisture management in activewear: a novel dynamic testing approach for dynamic breathability of sportswear

This study presents a novel dynamic hot plate test for examining the exothermic and endothermic behaviors of textiles, emphasizing the dynamic conditions akin to physical activities. The method surpasses previous standards, for example ISO 16533 and the dynamic hot plate test developed by Naylor, by integrating sweating and wind simulations, thus offering a more precise assessment of fabric performance and physical sensation while wearing activewear. The investigation involved five fabric samples made from four different fiber types: 100% Merino wool, 100% polyester, 100% cotton, and 100% viscose.. The experimental setup, consisting of a 90-minute test with relaxation, activity, and drying phases, highlighted significant fabric-specific responses. Notably, polyester exhibited the highest heat loss rate at 388 W/m² during the activity phase, underscoring its potential for moisture management and cooling. Conversely, Merino wool showed the lowest heat loss rate at 212 W/m², suggesting a more stable microclimate. The dynamic conditions induced marked changes in microclimate temperature, humidity, and fabric surface temperatures, particularly noticeable when wind was introduced. These findings emphasized the importance of dynamic testing in evaluating activewear fabrics, suggesting that materials such as polyester offer excellent cooling and moisture management, whereas natural fibers such as Merino wool may enhance wearer comfort by maintaining a more consistent microclimate. This research contributes to refining fabric performance testing standards by emphasizing the significance of real-world dynamic conditions.