Review Essay: Economic Development and the Landscape of Knowledge

See Daniel Boorstin , The Americans: The National Experience (New York: Random House, 1965), 152-61. Christopher Jencks and David Reisman, The Academic Revolution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977).

See Franklin Roosevelt’s 1944 State of the Union Address and Lyndon Johnson’s 1964 speech, "The Great Society." A particularly prominent statement of the economic role of higher education is found in Clark Kerr, The Uses of the University (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963).

Alice Rivlin , The Role of the Federal Government in Financing Higher Education ( Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1963).

Roger Geiger , Research and Relevant Knowledge: American Research Universities since World War Ii (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 18-21.

Ibid., 26-27.

See Keith Olson, The G.I. Bill, the Veterans, and the Colleges (Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press, 1974).; Lizabeth Cohen, A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America (New York: Vintage Books, 2003), 139-40.

Landmarks of contemporaneous criticism include the Port Huron Statement and Noam Chomsky, American Power and the New Mandarins (New York: Pantheon Books, 1969). Recent works include Stuart W. Leslie, The Cold War and American Science: The Military-Industrial-Academic Complex at M.I.T. And Stanford (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994). Rebecca Lowen, Creating the Cold War University: The Transformation of Stanford (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997). For another dimension to this relationship, see the recent biography of Henry Kissinger, Jeremy Suri, Henry Kissinger and the American Century (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2007), 92-137.

Geiger, Research and Relevant Knowledge; Leslie, The Cold War and American Science; Lowen, Creating the Cold War University.

Richard Florida is the most prominent advocate of this position, while Edward Glaeser has demonstrated the importance of higher education to regional economic development. Richard Florida , Cities and the Creative Class (New York: Routledge, 2004). Edward L. Glaeser and Albert Saiz , "The Rise of the Skilled City," in Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs , ed. William G. Gale and Janet Rothenberg Pack. (Washington, DC : Brookings Institution, 2004), 47-94.

Manuel Castells, The Information Age. 3 vols. ( Oxford, UK: Blackwell).

Nicola Joanne Smith , Showcasing Globalization? The Political Economy of the Irish Republic (Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2005), 39.

Eamon Quinn , "Ireland’s Emergency Budget Includes Help for Banks," New York Times April 7, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com (accessed April 12, 2009).

Ireland ranked thirtieth of thirty-four member countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for national education spending at all levels (4.6 percent of GDP), while ranking fourth in science graduates in a recent evaluation. Education at a Glance 2008, http://www .oecd.org Indicators B2 and A3, respectively (accessed April 12, 2009).

Particularly relevant is the scholarship on the decline of growth liberalism and the rise of grassroots opposition to urban growth coalitions. See Alan Brinkley, The End of Reform: New Deal Liberalism in Recession and War (New York: Knopf, 1995); Thomas Sugrue, The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit, 2nd ed. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003); Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998); Pierre Clavel, The Progressive City: Planning and Participation, 1969-1984 (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1986). A notable statement on the difference between moderate and radical policy approaches can be found in Charles Lindblom, "The Science of ‘Muddling Through’" Public Administration Review 19, no. 2 (Spring 1959): 79-88. A recent biography of C. Wright Mills explores these ideas in a foundational thinker for the New Left. Daniel Geary, Radical Ambition: C. Wright Mills, the Left, and American Social Thought (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2009). Thanks to John-Paul Ferguson for helpful discussion of these ideas.

However, universities created the Section 112 program for their own benefit, rather than simply receiving federally created incentives. LaDale Winling , "Building the Ivory Tower: Campus Planning, University Development, and the Politics of Urban Space" (Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan, 2010).

Gumprecht, however, rejects this view, arguing "[t]he influence of anti-urbanism on the locational decisions of college founders has been overstated." Blake Gumprecht, The American College Town (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2008), 20.

See Laurence Veysey , The Emergence of the American University (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965).

Robert Staughton Lynd and Helen Merrell Lynd , Middletown in Transition: A Study in Cultural Conflicts ( New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1937).

Leslie, The Cold War and American Science.

Several recent examples in this vein include Christopher Newfield, Ivy and Industry: Business and the Making of the American University, 1880-1980 (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2003); Christopher Newfield, Unmaking the Public University: The Forty-Year Assault on the Middle Class (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008). For a more journalistic treatment, see Jennifer Washburn, University, Inc.: The Corporate Corruption of American Higher Education (New York: Basic Books, 2005).