HardingJE.Prior growth rate determines the fetal growth response to acute maternal undernutrition in fetal sheep of late gestation.Prenat Neonat Med1997; 2: 300–9.
3.
Rivera-AlsinaME, SaldanaLR, StringerCA.Fetal growth sustained by parenteral nutrition in pregnancy.Obstet Gynecol1984; 64: 138–41.
4.
BloomfieldFH, HardingJE.Experimental aspects of nutrition and fetal growth.Fetal Mat Med Rev1998; 10: 91–107.
5.
HardingJE, JohnstonBM.Nutrition and fetal growth.Reprod Fertil Dev1995; 7: 539–47.
6.
GeorgieffMK, SasanowSR.Nutritional assessment of the neonate.Clin Perinatol1986; 13: 73–89.
7.
HardingJE.Periconceptual nutrition determines the fetal growth response to acute maternal undernutrition in fetal sheep of late gestation.Prenat Neonat Med1997; 2: 310–19.
8.
LevyL, JacksonAA.Modest restriction of dietary protein during pregnancy in the rat: fetal and placental growth.J Dev Physiol1993; 19: 113–18.
9.
MongelliM, GardosiJ.Reduction of false-positive diagnosis of fetal growth restriction by application of customized fetal growth standards.Obstet Gynecol1996; 88: 844–8.
10.
GodfreyK, RobinsonS, BarkerDJP, OsmondC, CoxV.Maternal nutrition in early and late pregnancy in relation to placental and fetal growth.BMJ1996; 312: 410–14.
11.
FowdenAL.The role of insulin in prenatal growth.J Dev Physiol1989; 12: 173–82.
12.
LiuJP, BakerJ, PerkinsAS, RobertsonEJ, EfstratiadisA.Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1r).Cell1993; 75: 59–72.
13.
LokF, OwensJA, MundyL, RobinsonJS, OwensPC.Insulin-like growth factor I promotes growth selectively in fetal sheep in late gestation.Am J Physiol1996; 270: R1148–R1155.
14.
OliverMH, HardingJE, BreierBH, GluckmanPD.Fetal insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II are regulated differently by glucose and insulin in the sheep fetus.Reprod Fertil Dev1996; 8: 167–72.
15.
RushD.Effects of changes in protein and calorie intake during pregnancy on the growth of the human fetus. In: ChalmersI, EnkinM, KeirseMJNC eds. Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989: 255–80.
16.
KusinJA, KardjatiS, HoutkooperJM, RenqvistUH.Energy supplementation during pregnancy and postnatal growth.Lancet1992; 340: 623–6.
17.
MalinowMR, RajkovicA, DuellPB, HessDL, UpsonBM.The relationship between maternal and neonatal umbilical cord plasma homocyst(e)ine suggests a potential role for maternal homocyst(e)ine in fetal metabolism.Am J Obstet Gynecol1998; 178: 228–33.
18.
CharltonV, JohengenM.Effects of intrauterine nutritional supplementation on fetal growth retardation.Biol Neonate1985; 48: 125–42.
19.
HardingJE, CharltonVE.Treatment of the growth-related fetus by augmentation of substrate supply.Semin Perinatal1989; 13: 211–23.
20.
StevensD, AlexanderG, BellAW.Effect of prolonged glucose infusion into fetal sheep on body growth, fat deposition and gestation length.J Dev Physiol1990; 13: 277–81.
21.
CharltonV, JohengenM.Fetal intravenous nutritional supplementation ameliorates the development of embolization-induced growth retardation in fetal sheep.Pediatr Res1987; 22: 55–61.
22.
MellorDJ, MurrayL.Effects on the rate of increase in fetal girth of refeeding ewes after short periods of severe undernutrition during late pregnancy.Res Vet Sci1982; 32: 377–82.
LumeyLH, SteinAD.Offspring birth weights after maternal intrauterine undernutrition: a comparison within sibships.Am J Epidemiol1997; 146: 810–19.
25.
KlebanoffMA, MeirikO, BerendesHW.Second-generation consequences of small-for-dates birth.Pediatrics1989; 84: 343–7.
26.
StewartRJC, SheppardH, PreeceR, WaterlowJC.The effect of rehabilitation at different stages of development of rats marginally malnourished for ten to twelve generations.Br J Nutr1980; 43: 403–12.
27.
PhillipsAF, PortePJ, StabinskyS, RosenkrantzTS, RayeJR.Effects of chronic fetal hyperglycemia upon oxygen consumption in the ovine uterus and conceptus.J Clin Invest1984; 74: 279–86.
28.
NicoliniU, HubinontC, SantolayaJ, FiskNM, RodeckCH.Effects of fetal intravenous glucose challenge in normal and growth retarded fetuses.Horm Metab Res1990; 22: 426–30.
29.
BattagliaC, ArtiniPG, D'AmbrogioG, GalliPA, SegreA, GenazzaniAR.Maternal hyperoxygenation in the treatment of intrauterine growth retardation.Am J Obstet Gynecol1992; 167: 430–5.
30.
HardingJE, OwensJA, RobinsonJS.Should we try to supplement the growth retarded fetus? A cautionary tale.Br J Obstet Gynaecol1992; 99: 707–10.
31.
KudoY, BoydCAR.Transport of amino acids by the human placenta: predicted effects thereon of maternal hyperphenylalaninaemia.J Inher Metab Dis1990; 13: 617–26.
32.
JacksonAA, PersaudC, WerkmeisterG, McClellandIS, BadalooA, ForresterT.Comparison of urinary 5-L-oxoproline (L-pyroglutamate) during normal pregnancy in women in England and Jamaica.Br J Nutr1997; 77: 183–96.
33.
MeakinsTS, PersaudC, JacksonAA.Dietary supplementation with L-methionine impairs the utilization of urea-nitrogen and increases 5-L-oxoprolinuria in normal women consuming a low protein diet.J Nutr1998; 128: 720–7.
34.
BarkerDJP.Mothers, Babies and Health in Later Life, 2nd edn.London: Churchill Livingstone, 1998.