Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol that is synthesized by a variety of plant species. It is abundant in grapes and grape products (e.g., red wine). Resveratrol has demonstrated reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger activity, and it has been linked to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity. We recently demonstrated that NF-κB is important to the survival of immature mammalian hair cells. Therefore, we undertook an in vitro experiment to determine if resveratrol is able to exert some protective influence against gentamicin-induced damage to and death of auditory hair cells. To accomplish this, we dissected the organ of Corti (OC) from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured the OCs in medium overnight for recovery. We treated two groups of OC explants with different concentrations of resveratrol plus gentamicin for 24 hours; for comparison and control purposes, we also treated a group of explants with gentamicin only and we left a group untreated. We found that resveratrol in both concentrations had a moderate but statistically significant protective effect against gentamicin-induced toxicity in vitro.
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