Young,female,Western researcher vs. senior,male,Al Jazeera officials: critical reflections on accessing and interviewing media elites in authoritarian societies
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online November, 2010
Young,female,Western researcher vs. senior,male,Al Jazeera officials: critical reflections on accessing and interviewing media elites in authoritarian societies
Amin, H. ( 2008) ‘Arab Media Audience Research: Developments and Constraints’, pp. 69-90 in K. Hafez (ed.) Arab Media: Power and Weakness. New York: Continuum.
2.
Ayish, M.I. ( 2008a) ‘Communication as an Academic Field: Middle East, Arab World’, in W. Donsbach (ed.) International Encyclopedia of Communication. Blackwell Reference Online, URL (consulted July 2009): http://communicationencyclopedia.com/subscriber/tocnode?id=g9781405131995_chunk_g97814051319958_ss63-1
3.
Ayish, M.I. ( 2008b) ‘Arab World Media Content Studies: A Meta-analysis of a Changing Research Agenda’, pp. 105-24, in K. Hafez (ed.) Arab Media: Power and Weakness. New York: Continuum.
4.
Berry, J.M. ( 2002) ‘Validity and Reliability Issues in Elite Interviewing’ , PS: Political Science & Politics35(4): 679-82.
5.
Brandchannel.com (2004) ‘Brand Ranking by Impact 2004, Reader’s Choice 2004’, URL (consulted July 2010): http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=248
6.
Clark, J.A. ( 2006) ‘Field Research Methods in the Middle East’ , PS: Political Science & Politics39(3): 417-24.
7.
Clausen, L. ( 2003) Global News Production. Copenhagen : Copenhagen Business School Press.
8.
Cottle, S. ( 2007) ‘Ethnography and News Production: New(s) Developments in the Field’, Sociology Compass1(1): 1-16.
9.
Curran, J. and M. Park (eds) (2000) De-Westernizing Media Studies . London: Routledge.
10.
DeVault, M.L. and L. McCoy ( 2001) ‘Institutional Ethnography: Using Interviews to Investigate Ruling Relations’, pp. 751-76 in J.F. Gudbrium and J.A. Holstein (eds) Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
11.
Djerf-Pierre, M. ( 2005) ‘Lonely at the Top: Gendered Media Elites in Sweden’ , Journalism6(3): 265-90.
12.
Dresch, P. ( 2005) ‘Introduction: Societies, Identities and Global Issues’, pp. 1-33 in P. Dresch and J. Piscatori (eds) Monarchies and Nations: Globalisation and Identity in the Arab States of the Gulf. London: I.B. Tauris.
13.
Ehteshami, A. and S. Wright ( 2007) ‘Political Change in the Arab Oil Monarchies: From Liberalization to Enfranchisement’, International Affairs83(5): 913-32.
14.
Elliott, P. ( 1972) The Making of a Television Series: A Case Study in the Sociology of Culture. London: Constable .
15.
El-Nawawy, M. and A. Iskandar ( 2002) Al-Jazeera: The Story of the Network that Is Rattling Governments and Redefining Governments and Redefining Modern Journalism. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
16.
Figenschou, T.U. ( 2005) Courting, Criticism, Censorship and Bombs: A Study of the Relationship between the Al Jazeera Channel and the US Administration during the War in Iraq 2003. Report, Oslo University College .
17.
Golding, P. and P. Elliott ( 1979) Making the News. London: Longman.
18.
Hafez, K. ( 2008) ‘Arab Media: Power and Weakness’, pp. 1-14, in K. Hafez (ed) Arab Media: Power and Weakness. New York: Continuum .
19.
Hannerz, U. ( 2004) Foreign News: Exploring the World of Foreign Correspondents . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
20.
Herod, A. ( 1999) ‘Reflections on Interviewing Foreign Elites: Praxis, Positionality Validity, and the Cult of the Insider’, Geoforum30: 313-27.
21.
King, J.M. and M. Zayani ( 2008) ‘Media, Branding and Controversy: Perceptions of Al Jazeera in Newspapers Around the World’, Journal of Middle East Media1(4): 27-43.
22.
Kraidy, M.K. ( 2008) ‘From Activity to Interactivity: The Arab Audience’ , pp. 91-102 in K. Hafez (ed.) Arab Media: Power and Weakness . New York: Continuum .
23.
Leech, B.L. ( 2002) ‘Asking Questions: Techniques for Semistructured Interviews’, PS: Political Science & Politics35(4): 665-8.
24.
Lynch, M. ( 2006) Voices of the New Arab Public: Iraq, Al-Jazeera and Middle East Politics Today. New York: Colombia University Press.
25.
Lynch, M. ( 2008) ‘Political Opportunity Structures: Effects on Arab Media’, pp. 17-32, in K. Hafez (ed.) Arab Media: Power and Weakness, New York: Continuum.
26.
Mansour, A.M.E. ( 2007) ‘Public Policy and Privatization: The Case of the Qatari Experience’, Public Administration and Development27: 283-92.
27.
McCracken, G. ( 1988) The Long Interview, Qualitative Research Methods Series 13. London: Sage .
28.
Miles, H. ( 2005) Al-Jazeera: The Inside Story of the Arab News Channel that is Challenging the West. New York: Grove Press.
29.
Mullings, B. ( 1999) ‘Insider or Outsider, Both or Neither: Some Dilemmas of Interviewing in a Cross-cultural Setting’, Geoforum30: 337-50.
30.
Odendahl, T. and A.M. Shaw ( 2001) ‘Interviewing Elites’, pp. 299-316 in J.F. Gudbrium and J.A. Holstein (eds) Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
31.
Pintak, L. ( 2007) ‘Beyond Media "Dialogues": Time to Put Away the Champagne Flutes’ , Arab Media & Society October, URL (consulted July 2010): http://www.arabmediasociety.com/?article=422
32.
Rai, M. and S. Cottle ( 2007) ‘Global Mediations: On the Changing Ecology of Satellite Television News’, Global Media and Communication3(1): 51-78.
33.
Rivera, S.W., P.M. Kozyreva and E.G. Sarovski ( 2002) ‘Interviewing Political Elites: Lessons from Russia’ , PS: Political Science & Politics35(4): 683-8.
34.
Sakr, N. ( 2001) Satellite Realms: Transnational Television, Globalization and the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris.
35.
Sakr, N. ( 2007a) ‘Challenger or Lackey? The Politics of News on Al-Jazeera’, pp. 116-32 in D.K. Thussu (ed.) Media on the Move: Global Flow and Contra-flow. London: Routledge.
36.
Sakr, N. ( 2007b) ‘Approaches to Exploring Media-Politics Connections in the Arab World’, pp. 1-13, in N. Sakr (ed.) Arab Media and Political Renewal: Community, Legitimacy and Public Life. London: I.B. Tauris.
37.
Scheyvens, R., H. Scheyvens and W.E. Murray ( 2003) ‘Working with Marginalised, Vulnerable or Privileged Groups’, pp. 167-93 in R. Scheyvens and D. Storey (eds) Development Fieldwork. A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
38.
Schlesinger, P. ( 1978) Putting ‘Reality’ Together: BBC News. London: Routledge.
39.
Schlesinger, P. ( 1980) ‘Between Sociology and Journalism’, pp. 341-69 in H. Christian (ed.) The Sociology of Journalism and the Press, Sociological Review Monograph29, University of Keele.
40.
Schwendler, J. ( 2006) ‘The Third Gender: Western Female Researchers in the Middle East’, PS: Political Science & Politics39(3): 425-8.
41.
Smith, K.E. ( 2006) ‘Problematising Power Relations in "Elite" Interviews’ , Geoforum37: 643-53.
42.
Tessler, M. and A. Jamal ( 2006) ‘Political Attitude Research in the Arab World: Emerging Opportunities’, PS: Political Science & Politics39(3): 433-7.
43.
Thomas, R.J. ( 1995) ‘Interviewing Important People in Big Companies’ , pp. 3-17 in R. Hertz and J.B. Imber (eds) Studying Elites Using Qualitative Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
44.
Thussu, D.K. (ed.) (2007) Media on the Move: Global Flow and Contra-flow. London : Routledge.
45.
Tuchman, G. ( 1978) Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality. New York: Macmillan/London: Collier Macmillan.
46.
Tunstall, J. ( 1971) Journalists at Work. London: Constable.
47.
Undp (2003) The Arab Human Development Report 2003: Building a Knowledge Society. United Nations Development Programme, Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, URL (consulted July 2010): http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/regionalreports/arabstates/RBAS_ahdr2003_EN.pdf
48.
Zayani, M. (ed.) (2005) The Al Jazeera Phenomenon: Critical Perspectives on New Arab Media. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
49.
Zayani, M. and S. Sahraoui ( 2007) The Culture of Al Jazeera: Inside an Arab Media Giant . Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
50.
Zayani, M. ( 2008) ‘Arab Media, Corporate Communications, and Public Relations: The Case of Al Jazeera’, Asian Journal of Communication18(3): 207-22.