Introduction to the Sixth Annual FRAME Lecture,by Professor Alan Goldberg,Presented at the Kennel Club,London,on 6 October 2004

Goldberg A.M. ed. (1987). In Vitro Toxicology: Approaches to Validation, 521 pp. New York, NY, USA: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

Frazier J.M. (1990). Scientific Criteria for Validation of In Vitro Toxicity Tests. OECD Environmental Monographs No. 36. 68 pp. Paris, France: OECD.

Balls M. , Blaauboer B. , Brusick D. , Frazier J. , Lamb D. , Pemberton M. , Reinhardt C. , Roberfroid M. , Rosenkranz H. , Schmid B. , Spielmann H. , Stammati A-L. , & Walum E. (1990). Report and recommendations of the CAAT/ERGATT workshop on the validation of toxicity test procedures. ATLA 18, 313–337.

Goldberg A.M. , & van Zutphen L.F.M. eds (1995). Alternative Methods in Toxicology and the Life Sciences, Vol. 11, The World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences: Education, Research, Testing, 738 pp. New York, NY, USA: Mary Ann Liebert.

Balls M. , Goldberg A.M. , Fentem J.H. , Broadhead C.L. , Burch R.L. , Festing M.F.W. , Frazier J.M. , Hendriksen C.F.M. , Jennings M. , van der Kamp M.D.O. , Morton D.B. , Rowan A.N. , Russell C. , Russell W.M.S. , Spielmann H. , Stephens M.L. , Stokes W.S. , Straughan D.W. , Yager J.D. , Zurlo J. , & van Zutphen B.F.M. (1995). The Three Rs: the way forward. The report and recommendations of ECVAM workshop 11. ATLA 23, 838–866.

Russell W.M.S. , & Burch R.L. (1959). The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, 238 pp. London, UK: Methuen.

Goldberg A.M. , & Locke P.A. (2004). To 3R is humane. The Environmental Forum, July/August 2004, pp. 19–26.