Inhibition of Growth,Morphological and Morphometrical Changes Induced by Amido-anthraquinone Derivatives in NCTC 2544 and HeLa Cells

In this work, we have studied cytotoxicity induced in NCTC 2544 and HeLa cell lines by two newly-synthesised potential anticancer drugs, the amido-anthraquinone derivatives 8-diethylaminopropionamido-1,4,5-trihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione bromide (A888) and 5,8-bisdiethylaminopropionamido-1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione dibromide (A890). The results have been compared to the results obtained with mitoxantrone, a well-known anticancer agent. Using the neutral red uptake assay, A888 showed less cytotoxic action compared to mitoxantrone and A890. According to the results of morphological analysis after exposure for five hours, anthraquinone derivatives induced the formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles and changes in the arrangement of nucleus in both cell lines. On the basis of morphometrical analysis, we have observed an increase in total cellular area with a decrease in the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. We have found that the increase in total cellular area was higher in NCTC 2544 cells than in HeLa cells. From these data, we can conclude that NCTC cells are more sensitive to the compounds tested than HeLa cells. However, the growth inhibition assay and morphological analysis did not confirm these results.