Black Workers and Strikes in South Africa

A.W. Gouldner , Wildcat Strike ( London, 1955), p. 66.

R. Hyman , Strikes (London, 1972), p. 53.

See for illustration: Fact papers on the Poverty Datum Line by the Institute for Social Research at the University of Natal; Wage Survey (1971-1972) by the Productivity and Wage Association, Durban Wage Survey , in Monthly Bulletin of the Natal Employers Association (July, 1972). Statement by the Black Allied Workers Union, in The Natal Mercury (2 February 1973).

See, for example, R.E. Phillips , The Bantu in the City, published by the Lovedale Press in the 1930 s, p. 38;

J.J.F. Durand , Swartman, Stad en Toekoms (Kaapstad, 1970), pp. 47 and 56;

H. Watts , Sociology, the University and the Community (Pietermatitzburg , 1972), pp. 10 and 20;

L. Sclemmer , 'City or Rural Homeland', in Social Forces (Vol. 51, No. 2), pp. 154-64;

S. Bourquin , 'The Ambitions of the Urban Zulu', in Monthly Bulletin of the Natal Employers' Association (July 1972 ).

See, for example, Report of the Commission of Enquiry into Riots In Durban (Bloemfontein, 1949), p. 18;

M. Webb and K. Kirkwood , The Durban Riots and After (Johannesburg, 1949), p. 17;

P.L. van den Berghe , Caneville: the Social Structure of a South African Town ( Middletown, 1964), pp. 131 and 138.

See Phillips , op. cit., p. 380;

W.E. Moore , Industrialization and Labor (New York, 1951), p. 90;

G.V. Doxey , The Industrial Colour Bar in South Africa (Cape Town, 1961), p. 146;

P.L. van den Berghe , 'Race and Racism in South Africa', in A. Beteille (ed.), Social Inequality (Harmondsworth, 1972), pp. 319-34.

African industrial workers do not appear to be consciously frustrated by the industrial colour-bar; see: S. Van der Horst , 'The Effects of Industrialisation on Race Relations in South Africa', in G. Hunter (ed.), Industrialisation and Race Relations (London, 1965), pp. 97-140.

On differential incorporation, see: M.G. Smith , 'Pluralism in Precolonial African Societies', in L. Kuper and M.G. Smith (eds.), Pluralism in Africa (Los Angeles, 1969), pp. 91-151; on rights and degrees of rightlessness,

see: J. Rex , 'The Plural Society: The South African Case', Race (Vol. XII, No. 4), pp. 401-13; for a definition of the white labour aristocracy,

see: E. Webster , The Making of a 'Labour Aristocracy' — Class and Colour in the Gold Mines, 1890-1924 (Durban, 1973 , restricted paper).

See, for example: C. Kadalie , My Life and the Industrial and Commerical Workers' Union, the Autobiography of a Black Trade Unionist in South Africa (London, 1970), p. 89;

M. Horrell , South Africa's Workers (Johannesburg, 1969), pp. 8, 29 and 59;

J. Meynaud and A. Salah-Bey , Trade Unionism in Africa (London, 1967 ), p. 40;

A.J. Grobbelaar , 'Industrial Representation of the Bantu', in Monthly Bulletin of the Natal Employers'Association (January, 1973), p. 16; Grobbelaar, of the Trade Union Council of South Africa, quotes D. Koka and L. Mvubelo, two African trade union leaders.

For illustration, see: R.E. Luyt , Trade Unionism in African Colonies (Johannesburg, 1949 ), pp. 12 and 17.

M. Horrell , op. cit., pp. 81 and 132;

R. Scott , The Development of Trade Unions in Uganda (Kampala , 1966), p. 44;

Saad ed din Fawzi , The Labour Movement in the Sudan, 1946-1955 ( London, 1957), pp. 51 and 158.

On the meaning of strikes for Africans, see: H. Adam , Modernizing Racial Domination(Los Angeles, 1971), p. 155.

See, for example, R. Burrows , Indian Life and Labour in Natal (Johannesburg, 1952), p. 64;

H. Kuper , Indian People in Natal (Durban, 1960 ), p. 59;

F. Meer , The Socio-Economic Position of the Indian Community ( Durban, 1972, restricted paper).