Machine Learning Approach for Flight Departure Delay Prediction and Analysis

The expected growth in air travel demand and the positive correlation with the economic factors highlight the significant contribution of the aviation community to the U.S. economy. On‐time operations play a key role in airline performance and passenger satisfaction. Thus, an accurate investigation of the variables that cause delays is of major importance. The application of machine learning techniques in data mining has seen explosive growth in recent years and has garnered interest from a broadening variety of research domains including aviation. This study employed a support vector machine (SVM) model to explore the non-linear relationship between flight delay outcomes. Individual flight data were gathered from 20 days in 2018 to investigate causes and patterns of air traffic delay at three major New York City airports. Considering the black box characteristic of the SVM, a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the relationship between dependent and explanatory variables. The impacts of various explanatory variables are examined in relation to delay, weather information, airport ground operation, demand-capacity, and flow management characteristics. The variable impact analysis reveals that factors such as pushback delay, taxi-out delay, ground delay program, and demand-capacity imbalance with the probabilities of 0.506, 0.478, 0.339, and 0.338, respectively, are significantly associated with flight departure delay. These findings provide insight for better understanding of the causes of departure delays and the impacts of various explanatory factors on flight delay patterns.