Identifier les manifestations du contre-transfert et leurs causes chez les thérapeutes qui traitent des patients souffrant de troubles alimentaires, et faire état des solutions qui ont été proposées pour surmonter les aspects négatifs du contre-transfert dans le but d'améliorer la qualité du traitement.
Méthode:
À l'aide des principales banques de données en sciences de la santé et psychologie, nous avons repéré les études traitant du contre-transfert dans le traitement des troubles alimentaires.
Résultats:
Une diversité de manifestations du contre-transfert sont recensées. II appert notamment que les thérapeutes ressentent souvent des affects négatifs au cours du traitement des patients souffrant de troubles alimentaires. Le contre-transfert semble influencé par des facteurs en lien tant avec la maladie qu'avec le patient et le thérapeute. De plus, un contre-transfert négatif peut entraîner des conséquences qui entravent le bon déroulement du traitement. Les principales solutions recensées pour y faire face sont la supervision, la consultation auprès de collègues et le travail en équipe.
Conclusions:
Plusieurs des facteurs impliqués dans le contre-transfert semblent difficilement modifiables, d'où l'importance d'appliquer des solutions efficaces permettant d'en surmonter les aspects négatifs. Par ailleurs, peu d'études empiriques se sont penchées sur le contre-transfert dans le traitement des troubles alimentaires. Il y a là un champ de recherche fort pertinent mais très peu exploité qui mérite davantage d'attention de la part de la communauté scientifique.
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