To evaluate the axial compressive performance of the hollow sandwich GFRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns (DSTC), 15 composite column specimens were produced to study the effect of various design variables. And the study presents a rational and accurate finite element (FE) model that provides a detailed working mechanism of the DSTCs, leading to the enrichment of parametric research and the creation of an extensive database. Based upon the unified strength theory of double shear, limit equilibrium theory, and superposition theory, the study evaluates and compares the effectiveness of different bearing capacity calculation models. With each added millimeter in the thickness of the GFRP tube, the ultimate bearing capacity of the DSTC specimen increased by 23.6% and 61.8%, respectively, compared to that of the 1.5 mm thick GFRP tube sample. The lower the hollow ratio of the DSTC section, the higher its ultimate bearing capacity. Specimens with a hollow ratio of 0.3 and 0.43 showed an ultimate bearing capacity 1.4 times and 1.25 times higher, respectively, than those with a hollow ratio of 0.6. The study observes a relatively high level of precision in the results of the ultimate equilibrium theory, with an average error rate of 20%.
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