The hypolipidemic effect of 10% fruit fibers in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD) was evaluated. This study was conducted on a total of 50 male Albino rats divided into 10 equal groups fed with different types of dietary fruits. The feeding period lasted for 24 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected and sera separated and subjected to lipid profile assay and atherogenic index. In addition, total antioxidant activity of different fruits was determined. The results obtained showed that pomegranate had higher content of antioxidants followed by apple, strawberry and guava compared with other fruits. Rats fed with 20% coconut oil showed a highly significant elevation in the levels of serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and atherogenic factor while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly decreased when compared with control rats. Histological examination revealed that there was a large lipid and cholesterol deposition in the livers of rats fed with HFD. The potential in lowering the levels of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride is in the following order: pomegranate > apple > strawberry > guava > papaya > mandarin and orange. Accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets was diminished when compared with the HFD group. Also, antiatherogenic is better than the untreated groups. Accordingly these hypolipidemic effects may be due to high-fiber content and antioxidant activity of these fruits.
AbeywardenaMY (2003) Dietary fats, carbohydrates and vascular disease: Sri Lankan perspectives. Atherosclerosis171: 157–161.
2.
AndersonJWZettwochNFeldmanTTietyen-ClarkJOeltgenPBishopCW (1988) Cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium hydrophilicmucilloid for hypercholesterolemic men. Archives of Internal Medicine148: 292–296.
3.
AndersonJWSpencerDHamiltonCSmithSTietyenJBryantCOeltgenP (1990) Oat bran cereal lowers serum total and LDL cholesterol hypercholesterolemic men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition52: 661–666.
4.
AOAC International (1996) Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Gaithersburg, MD: AOAC International.
5.
AprikianOLevrat-VemyMBessonCBusserollesJRemesyJDemigneC (2001) Apple favourably affects parameters of cholesterol metabolism and of antioxidative protection in cholesterol-fed rats. Food Chemistry75: 445–452.
6.
CastroIABarrosoLPSinneckerB (2005) Functional foods for coronary heart disease risk reduction: a meta-analysis using a multivariate approach. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition82(1): 32–40.
7.
DuthieGGDuthieSJKyleJAM (2000) Plant polyphenols in cancer and heart disease: implications as nutritional antioxidants. Nutrition Research Reviews13: 79–106.
8.
ErkkilaATHerringtonDMMozaffarianDLichtensteinAH (2005) Cereal fiber and whole-grain intake are associated with reduced progress of coronary-artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease. American Heart Journal150(1): 94–101.
9.
ErkkilaATLichtensteinAH (2006) Fiber and cardiovascular disease risk: how strong is the evidence. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing21(1): 3–8.
10.
FroemmingGRO’BrienNM (1997) U937 cells as a model to study the effect of phytochemicals on superoxide anion production. Nutrition Research17: 1091–1103.
11.
HertogMGL (1996) Epidemiological evidence on the potential health properties of flavonoids. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society55: 385–397.
12.
KimDJeongSWLeeCY (2002) Antioxidant capacity of phenolic phytochemicals from various cultivars of plums. Food Chemistry81(3): 321–326.
13.
Lopes-VirellaMFStonePEllisSColwellJA (1977) Cholesterol determination in high-density lipoprotein separated by three different methods. Clinical Chemistry32: 882–884.
14.
MoriseASerougneCGripoisDBlouquitMLuttonCHemierD (2004) Effects of dietary alpha linolenic acid on cholesterol metabolism in male and female hamsters of the LPN strain. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry15: 51–61.
15.
NakayamaT (1994) Suppression of hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity by polyphenols. Cancer Research54: 1991s–1993s.
16.
NestlePJ (1990) Effect of n-3 fatty acids on lipid metabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition10: 149–167.
17.
NorooziMAngersonWJLeanMEJ (1998) Effects of flavonoids and vitamin C on oxidative DNA damage to human lymphocytes. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition67: 1210–1218.
18.
O'KeefeJHJNguyenTNelsonJ (1999) Potential beneficial effects of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats in elderly patients with or at risk of coronary artery disease. Cardiology Elderly3: 5–10.
19.
PereiraFE (2000) Degeneracoes. Morte cellular. Alteracose do interstrcio. In Brasileiro FihoGPatellaJEHPereiraFELBambirraEHBarbosaAJA (eds) Bogliolo-patologia. 5th ed. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Guanabara Koogan, pp. 393–394.
20.
RameshGDasUN (1996) Effects of free fatty acids on two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice. Cancer Letters100: 199–209.
SheehanDDeckelboumR (1980) Phory and Practical Histotechnology. 2nd ed. Ohio.
23.
SnedecorGCochranW (1980) Statistical Methods. 7th ed. The IOWA State University Press, Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, pp. 31, 44, 89.
24.
StorlienLHHigginsJAThomasTC (2000) Diet composition and insulin action in animal models. British Journal of Nutrition83: 85–90.
25.
TrichopoulouAVasilopoulouE (2000) Mediterranean diet and longevity. British Journal of Nutrition84: S205–S209.
26.
TrinderP (1969) Enzymatic method of triglycerides. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry6: 24–27.
27.
TruswellAS (1995) Dietary fiber and blood lipids. Current Opinion in Lipidology6(1): 14–19.
28.
Van HornLAnnemidyLKBaioYBallewCKingJStamlerJ (1988) Serum lipid response to effect modified, oat meal-enhanced. Preventive Medicine17: 377–386.
29.
Van HornL (1997) Fiber, lipids, and coronary heart disease. A statement for care professionals from the nutrition committee. American Heart Association Circulation95: 2701–2704.
30.
Vega-LopezSConde-KnopeKVidal-OuintanarRShachterNSFernandezML (2002) Sex and hormonal status influence the effects of psyllium on lipoprotein remodeling and composition. Metabolism51(4): 500–506.
31.
Vega-LopezSFreakeHCFernandezML (2003) Sex and hormonal status modulate the effects of psyllium lipids and monocyte gene expression in humans. Journal of Nutrition133(1): 67–70.
32.
VigneJLLaironDBorelPPortugalHPauliAMHautonJCLafontH (1987) Effect of pectin, wheat bran and cellulose on serum lipids and lipoproteins in rats fed on a low- or high-fat diet. British Journal of Nutrition58: 405–413.
33.
YangCSLandauJMHuangMTNewmarkHL (2001) Inhibition of carcinogenesis by dietary polyphenolic compounds. Annual Review of Nutrition21: 381–406.
34.
YoudimKAMartinAJosephJA (2000) Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology and Medicine29: 51–60.
35.
ZambonDSabateJMunozSCamperoBCasalsEMerlosM. (2000) Substituting walnuts for monounsaturated fat improves the serum lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic men and women: a randomized crossover trial. Annals of Internal Medicine132: 538–546.
