( Z )-1-Chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (2017)

Abstract

(Z)-1-Chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HCFO-1224yd(Z)) is a colorless gas used as a single substance or in a mixture with other substances for refrigeration. The 4-h rat inhalation LC₅₀ values from two studies were reported to be >20,180 ppm and >213,100 ppm. HCFO-1224yd(Z) is not expected to undergo significant metabolism. The no-observed-effect level of HCFO-1224yd(Z) for cardiac sensitization (in dogs) was 75,000 ppm. In a 5-day repeat inhalation study in rats, the only observation noted was repetitive movement of the mouth/jaws in some animals in the 50,000-ppm exposure group for 1–2 days during the first 3 exposure days. The toxicological significance of this observation was unknown; therefore, the study no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was established at 50,000 ppm. In a good laboratory practice (GLP)-compliant, 4-week inhalation study in rats, there were no test substance-related adverse effects noted at any exposure concentration. The study NOAEL was established at 40,000 ppm. In a GLP-compliant inhalation developmental toxicity study, female rats were exposed for 6 h/day from gestation day 6 through 19. There were no test substance-related adverse effects on either the maternal or fetal rats at any exposure concentration. The NOAEL for developmental effects was established at 20,000 ppm. There are no chronic toxicity or carcinogenicity studies available. HCFO-1224yd(Z) gave mixed results in in vitro genotoxicity assays but was negative in an in vivo micronucleus assay. The NOAEL of 40,000 ppm for HCFO-1224yd(Z) from the 4-week, GLP-compliant inhalation study in rats was used at the point of departure (POD) for workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL) value development. This POD was adjusted to account for interindividual variability, duration of exposure, and database limitations. The resulting 8-h time-weighted average WEEL value of 1000 ppm is expected to provide a significant margin of safety against any potential adverse health effects in workers exposed to HCFO-1224yd(Z).

Keywords

workplace environmental exposure level occupational exposure level time-weighted average

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