The Sleep Hygiene Inventory for Pediatrics: Development and Validation of a New Measure of Sleep in a Sample of Children and Adolescents With Chronic Headache
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online November, 2017
The Sleep Hygiene Inventory for Pediatrics: Development and Validation of a New Measure of Sleep in a Sample of Children and Adolescents With Chronic Headache
Sleep plays a pivotal role in children and adolescents with headache. Although several sleep measures exist, no developed measures target the sleep issues common in pediatric patients with headache. The Sleep Hygiene Inventory for Pediatrics (SHIP) was developed for clinical purposes to fulfill this need. The aim of this study was to validate the SHIP for potential research applications in a sample of 1078 children and adolescents (7-17 years) with a primary headache diagnosis. Measure validation included assessments of internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity. The SHIP demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.84). The SHIP differentiated well between participants for whom sleep was and was not a clinical concern (P < .001; d =1.65), and was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and disability. These analyses suggest that the SHIP is a psychometrically strong and valid assessment of sleep habits in pediatric patients with headache.
NeutDFilyACuvellierJCValléeL. The prevalence of triggers in paediatric migraine: a questionnaire study in 102 children and adolescents. J Headache Pain. 2012;13:61–65.
2.
HouleTTButschekRATurnerDP. Stress and sleep duration predict headache severity in chronic headache sufferers. Pain. 2012;153:2432–2440.
3.
BruniOFabriziPOttavianoS. Prevalence of sleep disorders in childhood and adolescence with headache: a case-control study. Cephalalgia. 1997;17:492–498.
4.
LuntamoTSouranderARihkoM. Psychosocial determinants of headache, abdominal pain, and sleep problems in a community sample of Finnish adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;21:301–313.
5.
HeyerGLRoseSCMerisonK. Specific headache factors predict sleep disturbances among youth with migraine. Pediatr Neurol. 2014;51:489–493.
6.
BruniORussoPMFerriR. Relationships between headache and sleep in a non-clinical population of children and adolescents. Sleep Med. 2008;9:542–548.
7.
GilmanDKPalermoTMKabboucheMAHersheyAD. Primary headache and sleep disturbances in adolescents. Headache. 2007;47:1189–1194.
8.
ZarowskiMMłodzikowska-AlbrechtJSteinbornB. The sleep habits and sleep disorders in children with headache. Adv Med Sci. 2007;52:194–196.
9.
ShanahanLCopelandWEAngoldA. Sleep problems predict and are predicted by generalized anxiety/depression and oppositional defiant disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014;53:550–558.
10.
ArrudaMABigalME. Behavioral and emotional symptoms and primary headaches in children: a population-based study. Cephalalgia. 2012;32:1093–1100.
11.
HengKWirrellE. Sleep disturbance in children with migraine. J Child Neurol. 2006;21:761–766.
12.
PalermoTMKiskaR. Subjective sleep disturbances in adolescents with chronic pain: relationship to daily functioning and quality of life. J Pain. 2005;6:201–207.
13.
BruniOGalliFGuidettiV. Sleep hygiene and migraine in children and adolescents. Cephalalgia. 1999;25:57–59.
SpruytKGozalD. Pediatric sleep questionnaires as diagnostic or epidemiological tools: a review of currently available instruments. Sleep Med Rev. 2011;15:19–32.
16.
MelendresMCLutzJMRubinEDMarcusCL. Daytime sleepiness and hyperactivity in children with suspected sleep-disordered breathing. Pediatrics. 2004;114:768–775.
17.
MooreMKirchnerHLDrotarD. Relationships among sleepiness, sleep time, and psychological functioning in adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol. 2009;34:1175–1183.
18.
SimondsJFParragaH. Prevalence of sleep disorders and sleep behaviors in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry. 1982;21:383–388.
19.
JohnsonHWiggsLStoresGHusonSM. Psychological disturbance and sleep disorders in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2005;47:237–242.
20.
BurdLCookJ. Preliminary report on construction and validation of a pediatric sleep disturbance questionnaire. Percept Mot Skills. 1990;70:259–267.
21.
OwensJASpiritoAMcGuinnM. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep. 2000;23:1043–1051.
22.
ChervinRDHedgerKDillonJEPituchKJ. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ): validity and reliability of scales for sleep-disordered breathing, snoring, sleepiness, and behavioral problems. Sleep Med. 2000;1:21–32.
SaylorCFFinchAJSpiritoABennettB. The Children’s Depression Inventory: a systematic evaluation of psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1984;52:955–967.
31.
ClaarRLWalkerLS. Functional assessment of pediatric pain patients: psychometric properties of the functional disability inventory. Pain. 2006;121:77–84.
32.
WalkerLSGreeneJW. The functional disability inventory: Measuring a neglected dimension of child health status. J Pediatr Psychol. 1991;16:39–58.
33.
CohenJ. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1988.
34.
FalloneGOwensJADeaneJ. Sleepiness in children and adolescents: clinical implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6:287–306.
35.
ShortMAGradisarMLackLC. Estimating adolescent sleep patterns: parent reports versus adolescent self-report surveys, sleep diaries, and actigraphy. Nat Sci Sleep. 2013;5:23–26.
36.
SpruytKGozalD. Development of pediatric sleep questionnaires as diagnostic or epidemiological tools: a brief review of dos and don’ts. Sleep Med Rev. 2011;15:7–17.
37.
KingSChambersCTHuguetA. The epidemiology of chronic pain in children and adolescents revisited: a systematic review. Pain. 2011;152:2729–2738.
