Abstract
A copolymer of L-lactide and ∊-caprolactone (M n: 73,523, M w: 127,990 and PI: 1.74) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization and confirmed by FTIR, 1 H-NMR and DSC. The copolymer ratio of L-lactide to ∊-caprolactone, determined by 1H-NMR, was 89/11. Specific amounts of hydroxyapatite or tricalcium phosphate were blended in the copolymer matrix to form new composites. Films were made by solvent casting the copolymer and the composite materials. The films were subjected to supercritical CO2 at 3300psi and 70°C to create porous structures. The pore sizes were in the range of 40–80 μm. The porous films (both copolymer and composite) degraded in Ringer solutions much faster than corresponding untreated non-porous films.
Keywords
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1.
Jarcho, M.
(1981 ). Clin. Orthop. Rel .Res ., 157 : 259 -259 .
2.
2.
Frame, J.W.
and
Brady, C.L.
(1987 ). J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. , 25 : 452 -452 .
3.
3.
Dennisen, H.W.
and
Kalk, W.
(1989 ). J. Prothe. Dent. , 61 : 706 -706 .
4.
4.
Yamamuro, T.
,
Hench, L.L.
and
Wilson, J.
(1990 ). Handbook of Bioceramics: Vol. II Calcium Phosphate and Hydroxyapatite Ceramics , Boca Raton, FL , CRC Press .
5.
5.
Oonishi, Y.
(1991 ). Biomaterials , 12 : 171 -171 .
6.
6.
Bronzino, J.D.
(1995 ). The Biomedical Engineering Handbook , Boca Raton, FL , CRC Press .
7.
7.
Jarcho, M.
,
Kay, J.F.
,
Gumaer, K.I.
,
Doremus, R.H.
and
Drobeck, H.P.
(1997 ). J. Bioeng. , 1 : 79 -79 .
8.
8.
Van Blitterswijk, C.C.
,
Grote, J.J.
,
Kuypers, W.
,
Blok-van Hoek, C.J.G.
and
Daems, W.T.
(1985 ). Biomaterials , 43 : 243 -243 .
9.
9.
Dennisen, H.W.
,
De Groot, K.
,
Makkes, P.C.
,
Van den Hooff, A.
and
Klopper, P.J.
(1980 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res. , 14 : 713 -713 .
10.
10.
Klein, C.P.A.T.
,
Driessen, A.A.
and
De Groot, K.
(1983 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res. , 17 : 769 -769 .
11.
11.
Klein, C.P.A.T.
,
Van der Lubbe, H.B.M.
,
De Groot, K.
,
Van den Hooff
. (1983 ). In:
Vicenzini, P.
(ed.), Ceramics in Surgery , Amsterdam , Elsevier , p. 105 -105 .
12.
12.
Bonfield, W.
,
Grynpas, M.D.
,
Tully, A.E.
and
Bowman, A.J.
(1981 ). Biomaterials , 2 : 185 -185 .
13.
13.
Hollinger, J.
(1983 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res. , 17 : 71 -71 .
14.
14.
Higashi, S.
,
Yamamuro, T.
,
Nakamura, T.
,
Ikada, Y.
,
Hyon, S.H.
and
Jamshidi, K.
(1986 ). Biomaterials , 7 : 183 -183 .
15.
15.
Verheyen, C.C.P.M.
,
De Wijn, J.R.
,
Van Blitterswijk, C.A.
and
De Groot, K.
(1992 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res ., 26 : 1277 -1277 .
16.
16.
Boeree, N.R.
,
Dove, J.
,
Cooper, J.J.
,
Knowles, J.
and
Hasting, G.W.
(1993 ). Biomaterials , 14 : 793 -793 .
17.
17.
Jansen, J.A.
,
Ruijter, J.E.
,
Jansen, P.T.M.
and
Paguay, Y.G.C.J.
(1995 ). Biomaterials , 16 : 819 -819 .
18.
18.
Acuna, V.
,
Jiangua, L.
and
Soremark, R.
(1992 ). In:
Doherty, P.J.
et al. (eds.) Biomaterials–Tissue Interfaces , Amsterdam , Elsevier , p. 391 -391 .
19.
19.
Kesenci, K.
,
Fambri, L.
,
Migliaresi, C.
and
Pişkin, E.
(2000 ). J. Biomater. Sci. Polymer Edn.
11 : 617 -617 .
20.
20.
Ural, E.
,
Kesenci, K.
,
Ruacan, ş.
,
Fambri, L.
,
Migliaresi, C.
and
Pişkin, E.
(2000 ). Biomaterials , 21 : 2147 -2147 .
21.
21.
şenköylü, A.
,
Ural, E.
,
Kesenci, K.
,
şimşek, A.
,.
Ruacan, Ş.
and
Pişkin, E.
(2002 ). Int. J. Artif. Organs , 25 : 1174 -1174 .
22.
22.
Çehreli, M.C.
,
şahin, S.
,
Kesenci, K.
,
Öztürk, S.
,
Tuzlakog‚lu, K.
,
Ruacan, ş.
,
Caner, B.
,
Bozkurt, F.
,
Pisşkin, E.
(2003 ). J. Biomater. Appl ., 17 : 265 -265 .
23.
23.
Fleming, J.E.
,
Cornell, C.E.
and
Muscher, G.F.
(2000 ). Orthop. Clin. North Am.
31 : 357 -357 .
24.
24.
Peter, S.J.
,
Lu, L.
,
Kim, D.J.
and
Mikos, A.G.
(2000 ). Biomaterials , 21 : 1207 -1207 .
25.
25.
Gomes, M.E.
,
Riberio, A.S.
,
Malafaya, P.B.
,
Reis, R.L.
and
Cunha, A.M.
(2001 ). Biomaterials , 22 : 88 -88 .
26.
26.
Howdle, S.M.
,
Shakesheff, K.M.
,
Davies, M.C.
,
Mandel, F.S.
,
Wang, J.D.
,
Popov, V.K.
(2001 ). Chem. Comm. , 1 : 109 -109 .
27.
27. şirin, T. (2003). M.Sc. Thesis, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Programme, Ankara, Turkey.
28.
28. ASTM D 882–97 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting.
29.
29. Ayd1n, H.M. (2002). M.Sc. Thesis, Hacettepe University, Bioengineering Programme, Ankara, Turkey.
30.
30.
Sawney, A.S.
and
Hubbell, J.A.
(1990 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res ., 24 : 1397 -1397 .
31.
31.
Schindler, A.
,
Jeffcoat, A.R.
,
Kimmel, G.L.
,
Pitt, C.G.
,
Wall, M.E.
and
Zweindinger, R.A.
(1977 ). Contemp. Top. Polym. Sci. , 2 : 251 -251 .
32.
32.
Pitt, C.G.
,
Jeffcoat, G.L.
,
Zeidinger, R.
and
Schindler, A.
(1979 ). J. Biomed. Mater. Res. , 13 : 497 -497 .
33.
33.
Grijpma, D.W.
,
Zondervan G.
and
Pennings, A.L.
(1991 ). Polym. Bull. , 25 : 327 -327 .
34.
34.
Grijpma, D.W.
and
Pennings, A.L.
(1991 ). Polym. Bull. , 25 : 335 -335 .
35.
35.
Kricheldorf, H.R.
,
Jonte, J.M.
and
Berl, M.
(1985 ). Macromol. Chem. Suppl ., 12 : 25 -25 .
36.
36.
Vion, J.M.
,
Jerome, R.
and
Teyssie, Ph.
(1986 ). Macromolecules , 19 : 1828 -1828 .
37.
37.
Kricheldorf, H.R.
,
Mang, T.
and
Jonte, J.M.
(1984 ). Macromolecules , 17 : 2173 -2173 .
38.
38.
Kricheldorf, H.R.
and
Kreiser, I.
(1987 ). J. Macromol. Sci. Chem ., 24 : 1345 -1345 .
39.
39.
Kricheldorf, H.R.
,
Berl, M.
and
Scharnagl, N.
(1988 ). Macromolecules , 21 : 286 -286 .
40.
40.
Kasperczyk, J.
and
Bero, M.
(1993 ). Macromol. Chem. , 194 : 913 -913 .
41.
41.
Vanhoorne, P.
,
Dubois, Ph.
,
Jerome, R.
and
Teyssie, Ph.
(1992 ). Macro-molecules , 25 : 37 -37 .
42.
42.
Fukuzaki, H.
,
Yoshida, M.
,
Asano, M.
,
Karnakura, M.
,
Mashimo, T.
,
Yuasa, H.
,
Imai, K.
and
Yamanaka, H.
(1990 ). Polymer , 31 : 2006 -2006 .
43.
43.
Bero, M.
,
Kasperczyk, J.
and
Adams, G.
, Macromol. Chem. (1993 ). 194 : 907 -907 .
44.
44.
Hiljanen-Vaino, M.
,
Karjalainen, T.
and
Seppala, J.
(1996 ). J. Appl. Polym. Sci ., 59 : 1281 -1281 .
45.
45.
Malin, M.
,
Hiljanen-Vaino, M.
,
Karjalainen, T.
and
Seppala, J.
(1996 ). J. Appl. Polym. Sci ., 59 : 1289 -1289 .
46.
46.
Karjalainen, T.
,
Hiljanen-Vaino, M.
,
Malin, M.
and
Seppala, J.
(1996 ). J. Appl. Polym. Sci ., 59 : 1299 -1299 .