Biofunctionalized nanofibers with a desired biological function can be used as a tissue engineering scaffold due to their small fiber diameters and porous structure. In the present study, poly(ɛ-caprolactone)/poly(m-anthranilic acid) nanofibers were biofunctionalized with covalent immobilization of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) through 1-ethyl-3-(dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide activation. Fourier transform infrared analysis of the nanofiber surfaces confirmed the successful immobilization. The amount of immobilized BMP-2 was determined with bicinchoninic acid protein assay. The nanofibers before and after BMP-2 immobilization were non-cytotoxic and enhanced the attachment and proliferation of Saos-2 cells. Biofunctionalization of nanofibers with BMP-2 promoted in vitro osteogenic activity. The alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium mineralizatio of cells after 14 days of in vitro culture were enhanced on nanofibers with immobilized BMP-2.
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