Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objectives:

Guided by the hypothesis that the arts can play a role in changing attitudes, beliefs, and health behaviors, the objectives of the study were to (1) overview artistic practices, interventions, and research being conducted at the intersection of the arts and health communication and (2) identify desired and observed outcomes and variables measured in these studies.

Data Source:

The search strategy was developed iteratively with 2 health science librarians and conducted using 8 databases (Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Art and Architecture Source, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media Complete, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) and hand searching. Articles included were published between 2014 and 2018.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria include US nonclinical setting and use of the arts (broadly defined) to change health knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, or awareness. Any articles not meeting inclusion criteria were excluded.

Data Extraction:

Covidence’s data extraction tool exported to MS Excel.

Data Synthesis:

This final set of results was analyzed and synthesized by research design, population, sample size, health issue, purpose, variables measured, and findings.

Results:

In all, 78 articles met inclusion criteria. Number of participants ranged from 4 to 2140 (mean = 179); 61 (78.2%) outcome studies, including 8 experimental studies; 17 (21.79%) formative research or reports. Many different health topics were addressed and different art forms used.

Conclusion:

The arts can help build knowledge and awareness of health issues. The authors highlight the need to build an evidence base for arts and public health.

Keywords

health communication interventions arts evidence theater music dance film health promotion

Objectives

Over time, the arts have been shown to be an effective means of enhancing health communication, even in critical and complex circumstances such as epidemics.^1,2 However, with the exception of synthesis focused narrowly on entertainment education, evidence synthesis has yet to address the ways in which the arts are used in health communication. To begin addressing this gap, this review examined how the arts have been used to facilitate health communication at the community level in the United States in the past 5 years (2014-2018). This review was grounded in the hypotheses that arts can play a role in changing attitudes, beliefs, and health behaviors, and that this role is being examined broadly in recent literature. Our goal was to provide a broad overview of research trends in the arts and health communication guided by 2 specific objectives:

To describe the breadth of artistic practices, interventions, and research being conducted at the intersection of the arts and health communication; and

to identify the desired and observed outcomes and variables measured in arts-based health communication interventions.

Health communication, “the study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence decisions and actions to improve health,” is a key competency in public health.³ Health communication was added to the US list of Healthy People objectives in 2010 and it has remained a focus for improving population health outcomes and achieving health equity.⁴ Health communication has increasingly emphasized the social ecological model, which recognizes the extent to which the field of public health must interact with a broad diversity of stakeholders to translate evidence for optimal relevance to target audiences.⁵

This translational capacity has been enhanced by the long-term adoption of market research and advertising techniques to better deliver health messages to the public, which began in the 1960s. Early health communication efforts leaned heavily on education and persuasion techniques, leading to investments in creative mass media communications and entertainment education programs that utilized the arts.^6,7 Over the last several decades, health communication practices have evolved significantly, shifting to align with increasing recognition of the extent to which health decisions are shaped not only by knowledge or awareness but also by stigma, risk perception, and self-efficacy. As part of this shift, health communication programs have increasingly employed the arts to make health information interpretable, persuasive, and actionable in order to reach both broad and targeted audiences and increase people’s ability to use and apply evidence.⁴

A 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) report described the arts as activities that “can involve aesthetic engagement, involvement of the imagination, sensory activation, evocation of emotion, and cognitive stimulation.”⁸ While no universal definition of the arts exists, the term commonly refers to active participation in creating works of visual (eg, painting and drawing), literary (eg, creative writing and poetry), or performing arts (eg, theatre, music, and dance), as well as receptive participation as an audience member or consumer. Davies and colleagues⁹ developed 5 categories of the arts to support population-based health research: (1) performing arts; (2) visual arts, design, and crafts; (3) literary arts; (4) community and cultural festivals, fairs, and events; and (5) online, digital, and electronic arts. This classification articulates numerous ways in which people engage with the arts.

Providing further clarification regarding the arts, this review differentiated between education entertainment (EE)-based health communication programs and arts-based health communication programs. Education entertainment programs are designed to embed prosocial messages into popular entertainment content in order to simultaneously entertain and increase knowledge.¹⁰ An early example of this is the 1988 to 1992 Harvard Alcohol Project’s National Designated Driver Campaign, which worked with prime-time television shows such as The Cosby Show and Cheers to insert themes related to drunk driving into episodes.¹¹

In contrast, arts-based health communication programs recognize and utilize the distinct effects of aesthetic experience as a transformative mechanism.¹² These experiences can result from such operations as formalization, repetition, exaggeration, and elaboration, all of which make ordinary ideas extraordinary and memorable.¹³ Thus, arts-based health communication programs are able to attract attention, sustain interest, shape emotions, stimulate memorable responses, and generate shared symbolic systems. All of these effects can contribute to motivating and changing individual and collective choices and behaviors.

Methods

The methodological framework of this review was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews,¹⁴ which builds on the scoping review framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley.¹⁵ Scoping reviews are conducted to facilitate identification and mapping of evidence and to provide an overview of a research area. Unlike systematic reviews, scoping reviews tend to address broad exploratory research questions and are often undertaken as precursors to narrower systematic reviews. Through systematic literature searching, screening, and analysis, a scoping review rapidly maps key concepts, sources, and types of evidence available.

To inform the review, a preliminary search for existing related systematic and scoping reviews and protocols was carried out in October 2018 using BioMed Central Systematic Reviews, Campbell Collaboration Education Group, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Public Health Review Group, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, and PROSPERO: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. None of the 12 resulting reviews focused on the United States or how the arts are used to improve health communication at the community level.

This review was conducted in parallel with another review that explored how the arts have been used to promote well-being in communities. A protocol for the entire project, inclusive of both searches, was developed using the JBI scoping review protocol guidelines.¹⁴ Registration with the JBI occurred in January 2019, under the preliminary title “Engaging the Arts in Health Communication and Well-being: A Scoping Review.”

Data Sources

This review was designed to capture work done in the recent past and, as a result, the articles selected for inclusion were published between 2014 and 2018. The literature search specifically focused on programs operating at the community or population level rather than at the level of the individual in health care settings; the latter has already received generous research attention. The included articles presented research, practice models informed by outcomes data, and theoretical frameworks that had been informed by evidence. To reduce selection bias, 2 health sciences librarians chose the bibliographic databases and conducted the literature search. Eight databases and grey literature sources were searched to cover various aspects of the topic (educational, health, etc), and hand searching was performed to minimize publication bias.

To inform final database selections, the 2 health science librarians on the research team undertook preliminary test searching in October 2018. The search used Web of Science alongside 13 EBSCO databases and 2 ProQuest databases selected for their focus on either the arts, communication, education, or health. The final search was conducted in December using 8 databases: Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ProQuest), Art and Architecture Source (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), Communication and Mass Media Complete (EBSCO), ERIC (ProQuest), PsycINFO (EBSCO), PubMed, and Web of Science. Available subject headings as well as truncated and phrase-searched keywords in title and abstract fields were used and results were limited to English language full text. Search strategies for each database are available upon request from the corresponding author. The PubMed search strategy is attached as Supplementary Appendix A.

Search results were exported from the databases into EndNote Web and deduplicated. Unique references were then exported into the web-based software platform Covidence (https://www.covidence.org/home) in preparation for screening. Subsequently, the team hand-searched the following web archives and databases: National Organization for Arts in Health, Alliance for the Arts in Research Universities, American Art Therapy Association, American Music Therapy Association, University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Research Database, and the National Endowment for the Arts. Additional references from the hand-search were added to Covidence.

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Research team members in blinded pairs completed the article title and abstract screening and review of full-text papers using Covidence. The reviewers used standardized screening questions within Covidence’s data extraction tool. Each article included in this review required agreement between 2 reviewers, with a third reviewer arbitrating when necessary.

The review’s inclusion criteria were identified using the following PICOS framework¹⁶:

Population (P): Articles focused on studies and interventions that took place in a nonclinical setting within the United States and focused on the population as a community rather than as a series of individuals.

Intervention (I): Interventions that used the arts to communicate about factors that shape health or health-related experiences.

Comparator (C): Not applicable

Outcome (O): Outcomes that pertained to changes in knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, or attitudes that appeared to occur after communication between participants and program implementers. Outcomes included evidence of increased knowledge; changed health beliefs, behaviors or attitudes; enhanced risk perception; reduced stigma; improved cultural acceptance; or improved awareness.

Study design (S). A broad variety of study designs were included: descriptive articles (ie, ethnographies, case studies, formative research) and outcomes research that shared empirical or theoretical data about the arts in health communication.

Data Extraction

Preliminary data extraction was completed using the platform’s data extraction tool. Results were then exported to MS Excel, where additional data extraction was completed. Two authors (KS and VP) entered information from each of the 78 articles into this Excel spreadsheet, including research design, population, sample size, health issue, purpose, variables measured, and findings.

Data Synthesis

The research team worked together to iteratively group common factors across studies into themes. Arts type and health issue categories were developed through an inductive approach based on the information presented in the included articles. The study team synthesized the data extracted from the included literature to overview investigations and outcomes related to the arts and health communication.

Results

Numerical Summary

The scoping review literature searches that included database, grey literature, and hand searching identified 1633 unique studies for potential inclusion in this review. Following title/abstract screening and full-text screening, 78 articles met the inclusion criteria, which are included here (Figure 1) See Supplementary Appendix B for the full list of articles.

Figure 1.

PRISMA flow diagram.

These studies varied considerably with regard to sample size, populations studied, research design, and purpose. Types of health issues addressed by the interventions and art forms used to address them varied in the included studies.

Sample Size and Populations

Four articles did not specify study sample size or did not focus on 1 specific study (eg, general commentaries or reports). Sample size of the studies in the remaining 74 articles ranged from 4 participants to 2140, with a mean sample size of 178.8 and a median of 63.5. These articles focused on diverse target populations, defined primarily by age (eg, fourth-eighth graders, individuals older than 55 years), race/ethnicity (eg, Latinx, African American), health condition (eg, individuals diagnosed with or at high risk for diabetes, cancer), or profession (eg, active-duty Marines, health care professionals).

Study Design and Purpose

The 78 included articles were organized into 4 different categories of study designs, as shown in Table 1. Additional information is available in Supplementary Appendix C.

Table 1.

Study Designs.

Study design	Number (%)
Outcomes research	61 (78.2)
Evaluation	37 (47.4)
Community-based participatory research (CBPR)	13 (16.7)
Experimental	8 (10.3)
Quasiexperimental	3 (3.8)
Descriptive studies	17 (21.79)
Formative research	11 (14.1)
Commentaries/ethnographies/reports	6 (7.69)

Outcomes studies

Studies that were intended to measure results associated with arts-based interventions were grouped in the 4 categories described below. The outcomes measured in these articles included variables such as perceived self-efficacy,¹⁷ awareness about a given health topic,¹⁸ or changes in knowledge.¹⁹

Evaluation studies

Among the 37 evaluation studies, nearly half (n = 16) assessed knowledge and/or awareness, while 5 assessed program satisfaction, and others measured behavior change (n = 7), intent for behavior change (n = 5), and improvements in communication (n = 4). Many of these interventions were implemented with the goal of increasing knowledge related to a specific health issue. For example, Johnson and colleagues²⁰ found an increase in knowledge related to stroke recognition and prevention among seventh graders following a video and drawing program. Similarly, Eisenberg et al²¹ found increased knowledge about emergency communication among adults with limited English proficiency following participation in a graphic novel intervention.

The 13 community-based participatory research articles focused on gathering information for the development of interventions (n = 2) or better understanding a target community-based participatory research studies population and their perceptions of health issues (n = 9) and influencing health behaviors or knowledge (n = 2). This category included studies that were grounded in participatory methods such as participatory action research or community-based participatory research. Eight of these articles used PhotoVoice, engaging the framework proposed by Wang and Burris²² to guide participants in creating photographs that generate dialogue and illuminate themes.

A common thread was the pairing of art forms (ie, photography or storytelling) with dialogue, or the use of the arts to generate discussion. For example, studies examined the mental health concerns of new immigrants through participatory photography,²³ breast cancer knowledge in African American women through participatory theater,²⁴ and type 2 diabetes management in Somali and Latinx individuals through digital storytelling.²⁵ They also elicited participants’ identification of challenges such as limited physical activity in middle schoolers²⁶ or barriers to enrollment in a national childhood development study.²⁷ In addition to producing research findings, participatory strategies were used to improve awareness and knowledge—including knowledge related to the prevention of teen pregnancy,²⁸ tobacco use,²⁹ and asthma management.³⁰

Experimental or quasiexperimental studies

Eleven articles shared findings of research with intervention and control groups. Among the 8 experimental designs, purposes ranged from investigating the specific mechanisms of an intervention (n = 1) to assessing self-efficacy and outcomes expectations (n = 2); knowledge, awareness, or attitudes (n = 4); and behavior change (n = 1). Similarly, the 3 quasiexperimental studies included in this review explored attitudes (n = 2) and self-efficacy (n = 1). This subset of articles covered a wide range of health issues and art forms, such as storytelling to reduce childhood obesity in Mexican American families,³¹ telenovelas to increase awareness of stress and approaches related to end-of-life decisions,¹⁸ and video to increase knowledge about cervical cancer.³²

Descriptive studies

Of the 17 descriptive studies, most (n = 14) focused on the development of arts-based interventions while the remainder (n = 3) focused on collecting information about a target population for needs assessments or for initial data collection in a longer-term research plan. These studies measured variables such as acceptability and appeal of arts-based interventions³³ or successful intervention characteristics.³⁴

Formative studies

Of 11 formative study articles, 5 focused on interventions for sexual/reproductive health and 2 focused on physical activity, diet, and/or obesity. The purposes ranged from identifying or documenting current health perceptions to testing health messages in order to examine message delivery methods. Findings identified factors that can improve interventions; for example, a preference for vibrant images showing multiple ethnicities in a health education intervention for prostate cancer.³⁵ Another study identified stressors and themes that should be included in a graphic novel designed to prepare military personnel for mental health challenges in combat zones.³⁴ Other articles presented operational research such as identifying values to include in a substance abuse prevention program³⁶ or gauging the acceptability of a video game designed to increase human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness.³⁷

Commentaries, ethnographies, and reports

These articles provided overviews of programs that used the arts to draw attention to health issues or to the processes that influence health. For example, Schillinger and Huey’s³⁸ case study described how 4 young people crafted spoken-word performances based on upstream drivers of diabetes and shared them online. Although changes in knowledge were not measured, the authors described intervention methods and themes that appeared in the spoken-word poems. Azevedo and Robinson³³ shared ethnographic findings from a dance and education program aimed at reducing obesity in Latina girls and their families. Literat and Chen³⁹ offered a theoretical reflection about the ability of storytelling networks to reach at-risk communities with health messages.

Health Issues and Art Forms

As noted earlier, the articles included in this review focused on a wide range of health issues and used a variety of art forms to address those issues (Figure 2) (Table 2). See Supplementary Appendices C and D for a complete listing of health issues and art forms included in each category.

Figure 2.

Art forms by health issue.

Table 2.

Health Issues and Art Forms.

Health issue (grouped by category)
Sexual/reproductive health	15 (19.2%)
Overall health	11 (14.1%)
Physical activity/obesity/diet	11 (14.1%)
Cardiovascular health/diabetes	8 (10.3%)
Cancer	6 (7.7%)
Health care decisions/responses	6 (7.7%)
Mental health/suicide prevention	6 (7.7%)
Other chronic diseases	6 (7.7%)
Environmental health	5 (6.4%)
Smoking/substance use	4 (5.1%)
Art form (grouped by category)
Photography/visual arts	14 (17.9%)
Mixed arts	13 (16.7%)
Theatre and dance	10 (12.8%)
Digital arts	8 (10.3%)
Mass media	7 (9.0%)
Film and video	6 (7.7%)
Oral narrative arts	6 (7.7%)
Music/singing	3 (3.8%)

Health issues

Sexual/reproductive health was the most common category of health issues addressed by the articles included in this review. This category included investigations centered on general reproductive health and sexually transmitted infection prevention,⁴⁰ cervical cancer/HPV,⁴¹ and teen pregnancy.⁴²

Overall health and physical activity/obesity/diet made up the second most frequently addressed health topics. The overall health category included an array of health issues; for example, a study by Adekeye and colleagues⁴³ focused on the use of PhotoVoice to identify health threats and assets perceived by African immigrants. Panosky and Shelton⁴⁴ studied the use of mixed arts to promote healthy behaviors for girls in a correctional facility, and Yang⁴⁵ explored the use of music to promote synchronous parent–child interactions. The physical activity/obesity/diet category included interventions such as storytelling to improve knowledge about childhood obesity in Mexican American mothers,²⁴ manga comics to promote fruit intake in middle schoolers,⁴⁶ and singing to improve nutrition behaviors in older adults.⁴⁷

Art forms

Photography (including PhotoVoice) and visual arts were the most common art forms in the studies used in 9 of the 10 health-issue categories. Articles in this category included 10 PhotoVoice programs, and 1 study that used photoelicitation methods to identify perceived barriers to physical activity in older Mexican women.⁴⁸ The photography/visual arts category included 1 article examining how painting/drawing communicates the experience of epilepsy,⁴⁹ and another describing a public art and design competition designed to increase the visibility of defibrillators in public spaces.⁵⁰

Mixed arts interventions—programs that used multiple art forms (n = 13)—were nearly as prevalent as photography/visual arts. These included hip-hop-themed multimedia classes of Williams and colleagues,⁵¹ intended to reduce the purchase of unhealthy foods by elementary school-aged children. The study by Cueva et al¹⁹ used movement, sculpture, and drawing to provide culturally respectful cancer education, and the work by Basting⁵² used theater and visual arts to transform the lives of people with dementia.

Discussion

In this review, no restrictions were imposed concerning theoretical or methodological approaches, study design, or outcome measures. As a result, it identified a range of articles and practices—collecting evidence from studies with participant groups ranging from 4 to over 2000. Notably, only 10% of studies (n = 8) reported on randomized experimental studies or on interventions that were scaled up or conducted at the population level. This may be due to the complex nature of health communication and how health knowledge is produced.⁸

The 78 included articles presented arts-based health communication studies that reached over 13 200 total participants, suggesting a reasonable potential for systematic review and meta-analysis if more consistent practices and outcome measures are established. As the arts become more widely and systematically applied in health communication programs and research, more experimental and population-based evidence will likely be produced.

The results align with health communication frameworks that describe the elements of effective communication. For example, the WHO Strategic Communications Framework for Effective Communications⁵³ highlights the importance of using visuals, telling real stories, and using familiar language. A second framework, outlined by Agrawal and colleagues,⁵⁴ emphasizes interventions that are most effective when they are guided by social-behavioral theory; focus on multiple levels of change (ie, individual, family, community) in an enabling environment; create community engagement through participatory approaches; and use a mix of media and communication approaches. Social and behavior change communication, as evidenced by many of the health communication approaches examined in this review, utilizes the arts because the latter heighten engagement and participation, utilize and build social cohesion, create supportive and enabling environments, and can be engaged across a range of media platforms.

The results also align with a recent WHO scoping review on how the arts improve health and well-being, which noted that arts-based approaches are particularly useful in programming for multicultural groups and for building trust around sensitive health topics.⁵⁵ This work goes on to identify 9 components that explains how the arts shape health outcomes. The articles identified in our review primarily engaged 7 of these components—aesthetic engagement, involvement of the imagination, sensory activation, evocation of emotion, cognitive stimulation, social interaction, and engagement with themes of health—to address health communication goals.

Our review brings to light the broad range of partners and participants that shape the health communication landscape, including schools, health care providers, and the military. The articles included in the current scoping review engaged numerous multicultural groups, and many studies addressed sensitive topics such as depression, HIV, obesity, and sexual and reproductive health. The included formative research demonstrates that the arts can be used to reach and build relationships with these groups and to shape programs addressing their priorities. The extensive use of photography as a way to generate data and share information is also noteworthy. While photography is highly accessible, its use as a research method as well as a dissemination method led to the large number of photography-based studies included.

Gaps, Challenges, and Limitations

This review identified several notable gaps and challenges regarding the arts in health communication literature. It confirmed previous assertions that evidence is being collected disproportionately on sexual health, overall health, and diet, resulting in research gaps related to other health issues.^8,56 While the interventions studied in these articles seemed to achieve their outcomes with strong acceptability, they faced limitations in how these outcomes were measured. Some overlaps were found among outcomes studied; however, the ways in which these were measured, defined, and labelled varied widely. Outcomes measured ranged, for example, from themes appearing in spoken word poems about diabetes, to changes in knowledge about breast cancer screening, to food purchasing behaviors. Evidence synthesis for the intersection of arts in health communication or public health faces challenges on 2 bases: the lack of a common taxonomy or terminology for arts-based interventions and reporting and the lack of consistent outcome measures.

Other limitations included the short format of the review report, which limits discussion of individual studies, particularly given the large number of studies included (see Supplementary Appendix B for the full list of articles). The US focus and decision to focus on a 5-year time period also limited findings. In addition, because the review did not assess research quality, details such as specific intervention methods—including ways in which artists were (or were not) involved—were not clearly reported. Finally, this review shares a limitation with many others related to publication bias: Publications on studies with positive outcomes are more likely to be published than studies with negative or neutral outcomes.

Finally, a significant challenge involved defining “the arts” to create an effective search strategy. In an effort to be inclusive and capture the fullest range of arts approaches, the research team created 9 categories of art forms (see Supplementary Appendix D) through an iterative approach that included previous evidence synthesis work by the team, as well as extensive testing of terms informed by classifications created by Davies and colleagues⁹ and Fancourt and Finn.⁵⁷ Subsequent studies should utilize and further develop this new classification.

Practice and Policy Recommendations

This review demonstrates the need for a common terminology for reporting on arts-based interventions and consistent outcome measures (core outcomes) to facilitate meta-analyses. In addition, in alignment with recent field reports,^8,57 this review suggests that public health practice and policy could benefit from leveraging arts and cultural resources and cross-sector collaborations to strengthen health communication. Finally, this review supports Stuckey and Nobel’s⁵⁶ assertion that researchers conducting studies related to the arts in public health should be encouraged to establish meaningful control groups with no intervention or other types of interventions against which to compare arts-based health communication interventions.

Conclusion

This review provides a broad overview of how the arts have been used in community health communication programs in the United States. It indicates that the arts are most commonly used in health communication programs addressing sensitive issues such as sexual and reproductive health as well as those addressing overall health and physical activity. It indicates that the arts have been used as a mechanism for gathering information to better understand target populations and their perceptions of health issues and that they are also useful in building knowledge and awareness around health issues. In addition, by identifying a lack of consistency in practices, this review affirms the need for evidence syntheses that can assess outcomes, identify replicable best practices, and guide more consistent outcomes measures.

As the arts become more commonly used in health communication, reviews of the literature will need to be narrower in focus (eg, examining a specific health issue, art form, or population). This will support the development of a coherent field of arts in public health that can generate best practices, core outcomes, and resources to advance evidence-based practice and research for arts-based health communication programs.

So What? (Implications for Health Promotion Practitioners and Researchers)

What is already known on this topic?

The arts have been shown to be an effective means of enhancing health communication, even in complex circumstances such as epidemics. However, with the exception of synthesis focused on entertainment education, evidence synthesis has yet to address the ways in which the arts are used in health communication.

What does this article add?

The findings of this article indicate that the arts can build knowledge and awareness among target populations. This review affirms the need for evidence syntheses that can assess outcomes, identify replicable best practices, and guide more consistent outcomes measures.

What are the implications for health promotion practice or research?

This review provides information that can guide use of the arts in health communication programs. It demonstrates the need for a common terminology for reporting core outcomes to facilitate meta-analyses. It supports the assertion of other scholars that meaningful control groups should be established to compare arts-based health communication interventions to other intervention types.

Supplemental Material

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 - Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 for Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review by Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Jane Morgan-Daniel, Nancy Schaefer, Virginia Pesata, Tasha Golden and Heather Stuckey in American Journal of Health Promotion

Supplemental Material

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 - Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 for Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review by Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Jane Morgan-Daniel, Nancy Schaefer, Virginia Pesata, Tasha Golden and Heather Stuckey in American Journal of Health Promotion

Supplemental Material

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-3-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 - Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-3-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 for Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review by Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Jane Morgan-Daniel, Nancy Schaefer, Virginia Pesata, Tasha Golden and Heather Stuckey in American Journal of Health Promotion

Supplemental Material

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-4-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 - Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-4-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 for Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review by Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Jane Morgan-Daniel, Nancy Schaefer, Virginia Pesata, Tasha Golden and Heather Stuckey in American Journal of Health Promotion

Footnotes

Authors’ Note

Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, and Virginia Pesata designed the review and worked with Jane Morgan-Daniel and Nancy Shaefer to develop the search strategy. Jane Morgan-Daniel and Nancy Schaefer conducted the literature search and wrote the Methods section. Kelley Sams, Virginia Pesata, and Health Stuckey analyzed and interpreted the data. Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Virginia Pesata, and Tasha Golden drafted the manuscript. All authors revised the article and approved the final draft.

Acknowledgments

Kelley Sams: Acknowledgements This review was made possible with funding from ArtPlace America. The authors extend their gratitude to all who helped make this review possible, including, Stacey Springs, David Fakunle, Tamara Underiner, Max Helgemo, Dionne Blake, Aaron Colverson, Nicola Olsen the Creating Healthy Communities: Art + Public Health in America Research Advisory Team, and members of the University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Lab.

Declaration of Conflicting Interests

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Funding

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by a grant from ArtPlace America.

ORCID iD

Kelley Sams

Tasha Golden

Supplemental Material

Supplemental material for this article is available online.

References

Sonke

Pesata

. The arts and health messaging: Exploring the evidence and lessons from the 2014 Ebola outbreak. BMJ. 2015;1:36–41.

Stone

. Mobilizing musical performance and expressive culture in the Ebola 2014 epidemic: Introduction. Afr Today. 2017;63(3):vii–ix.

Health Communication Basics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Gateway to Health Communication & Social Marketing Practice. Updated January 22, 2020. Accessed February 14, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/healthcommunication/healthbasics/WhatIsHC.htmlreject

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2020. Health communication and health information technology. Updated 2019. Accessed January 12, 2020. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/health-communication-and-health-information-technology

Hernandez

Rosenstock

Gebbie

Who will Keep the Public Healthy?: Educating Public Health Professionals for the 21st Century. National Academies Press; 2003.

Shen

Sheer

. Impact of narratives on persuasion in health communication: A meta-analysis. J Advert. 2015;44(2):105–113.

Singhal

Rogers

Entertainment-Education: A Communication Strategy for Social Change. Routledge; 2012.

Fancourt

Finn

What is the Evidence on the Role of the Arts in Improving Health and Well-Being. A Scoping Review. WHO Regional Office for Europe. 2019.

Davies

Rosenberg

Knuiman

Ferguson

Pikora

Slatter

. Defining arts engagement for population-based health research: Art forms, activities and level of engagement. Arts Health. 2012;4(3):203–216.

10.

Walter

Murphy

Frank

Baezconde-Garbanati

. Who cares what others think? The role of Latinas’ acculturation in the processing of HPV vaccination narrative messages. Int J Commun. 2017:11:4946–4964.

11.

Kaiser Family Foundation. Entertainment education and health in the United States. A report to the Kaiser Family Foundation. Updated 2004. Accessed January 25, 2020. https://www.kff.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/entertainment-education-and-health-in-the-united-states-issue-brief.pdf

12.

Brown

Dissanayake

. The arts are more than aesthetics: Neuroaesthetics as narrow aesthetics. Neuroaesthetics. 2009;43:57.

13.

Dissanayake

. Ritual and ritualization. In: Brown

Volgsten

, eds. Music and Manipulation. Berghahn Books; 2006;31–56

14.

Joanna Briggs Institute. The Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers’ manual 2015: Methodology for JBI scoping reviews. Joanna Briggs Inst. 2015:1–24.

15.

Arksey

O’Malley

. Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol. 2005;8(1):19–32.

16.

University of York, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Systematic reviews: CRD’s guidance for undertaking reviews in health care. Published 2009. Updated 2009. Accessed January 13, 2020. https://www.york.ac.uk/media/crd/Systematic_Reviews.pdf

17.

Cabassa

. Depression fotonovela: Integrating cultural factors and entertainment-education to improve depression literacy in the Latino community. In: Schwartz

Unger

, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Acculturation and Health. Oxford University Press; 2017:379–392.

18.

Cruz-Oliver

Malmstrom

TKP

Roegner

MMDMA

Yeo

GPA

. Evaluation of a video-based seminar to raise health care professionals’ awareness of culturally sensitive end-of-life care. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;54(4):546. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.023

19.

Cueva

Dignan

Lanier

Kuhnley

. Evaluating arts-based cancer education using an internet survey among Alaska community health workers. J Cancer Educ. 2014;29(3):529–35. doi: 10.1007/s13187-013-0577-7.

20.

Johnson

Montgomery

Dillard

, et al. Effect of visual art school-based stroke intervention for middle school students. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 2017;49(4):214–220. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspxdirect=true&AuthType=ip,uid&db=cin20&AN=124163247&site=ehost-live. doi: 10.1097/JNN.0000000000000289

21.

Eisenberg

Seino

Meischke

, et al. Development of a culturally-adapted graphic novella about emergency communication: Collaborations with a limited English-speaking Chinese immigrant community. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2016;27(3):1199–210. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0116

22.

Wang

Burris

. Photovoice: Concept, methodology, and use for participatory needs assessment. Health Educ Behav. 1997;24(3):369–387.

23.

Perez

Della Valle

Paraghamian

, et al. A community-engaged research approach to improve mental health among Latina immigrants. Health Promot Pract. 2016;17(3):429–439. https://journals-sagepub-com-s.web.bisu.edu.cn/doi/full/10.1177/1524839915593500. doi: 10.1177/1524839915593500

24.

Davis

Darby

Moore

Cadet

Brown

. Breast care screening for underserved African American women: Community-based participatory approach. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2017;35(1):90–105. doi: 10.1080/07347332.2016.1217965

25.

Njeru

Patten

Hanza

, et al. Stories for change: Development of a diabetes digital storytelling intervention for refugees and immigrants to Minnesota using qualitative methods. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:1311. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2628-y

26.

Morales-Campos

Parra-Medina

Esparza

. Picture this! Using participatory photo mapping with Hispanic girls. Fam Commun Health. 2015;38(1):44–54. doi: 10.1097/FCH.0000000000000059

27.

Warren

Knight

Holl

Gupta

. Using videovoice methods to enhance community outreach and engagement for the national children’s study. Health Promot Pract. 2014;15(3):383–394. doi: 10.1177/1524839913503470

28.

Noone

Allen

Sullivan

McKenzie

Esqueda

Ibarra

. Escuchando a nuestros jovenes: A Latino youth photovoice project on teen pregnancy. Hispanic Health Care Int. 2014;12(2):63–70. doi: 10.1891/1540-4153.12.2.63

29.

Pinsker

Call

Tanaka

, et al. The development of culturally appropriate tobacco prevention videos targeted toward Somali youth. Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2017;11(2):129–136. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2017.0017

30.

Yarbrough

Blumenstock

Warren

, et al. SMART (student media-based asthma research team): Engaging adolescents to understand asthma in their communities. Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2016;10(4):523–532. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2016.0060

31.

Davis

Dal Cin

Cole

, et al. A tale of two stories: An exploration of identification, message recall, and narrative preferences among low-income, Mexican American women. Health Commun. 2017;32(11):1409–1421. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1228029

32.

Murphy

Frank

Chatterjee

, et al. Comparing the relative efficacy of narrative vs nonnarrative health messages in reducing health disparities using a randomized trial. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(10):2117–2123. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302332

33.

Azevedo

Robinson

. Anthropology in the design of preventive behavioral health programs for children and families living in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Ann Anthropol Pract. 2015;39(2):176–191. doi: 10.1111/napa.12078

34.

Hourani

Lambert

Peeler

Lane

Borst

. Graphic novels: A new stress mitigation tool for military training: Developing content for hard-to-reach audiences. Health Commun. 2017;32(5):541–549. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1140265

35.

McGinnis

Montiel-Ishino

Standifer

Wathington

Goldsmith

Baldwin

. Photonovels: An innovative approach to address health disparities and sustainability. J Cancer Educ. 2014;29(3):441–8. doi: 10.1007/s13187-014-0607-0

36.

Helm

Lee

Hanakahi

Gleason

McCarthy

Haumana . Using PhotoVoice with youth to develop a drug prevention program in a rural Hawaiian community. Am Indian Alsk Native Ment Health Res. 2015;22(1):1–26. doi: 10.5820/aian.2201.2015.1

37.

Cates

Fuemmeler

Diehl

, et al. Developing a serious videogame for preteens to motivate HPV vaccination decision making: Land of secret gardens. Games Health J. 2018;7(1):51–66. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2017.0002

38.

Schillinger

Huey

. Messengers of truth and health—young artists of color raise their voices to prevent diabetes. JAMA. 2018;319(11):1076–1078. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.0986. https://dx-doi-org.web.bisu.edu.cn/10.1001/jama.2018.0986

39.

Literat

Chen

NTN

. Communication infrastructure theory and entertainment-education: An integrative model for health communication. Commun Theor. 2014;24(1):83–103. doi: 10.1111/comt.12011

40.

Stokar

Davis

Sinha

, et al. “Love your love life”: Disadvantaged African American adolescents cocreate psychoeducational romantic and sexual health resources. Soc Work. 2017;62:1–10. doi: 10.1093/sw/swx012

41.

Macario

Matiella

. A bilingual webnovela on the human papillomavirus: Will Latinas and health professionals use it? J Commun Healthcare. 2015;8(1):55–66. doi: 10.1179/1753807615Y.0000000004

42.

Noone

Castillo

Allen

Esqueda

. Latino teen theater: A theater intervention to promote Latino parent-adolescent sexual communication. Hispanic Health Care Int. 2015;13(4):209–16. doi: 10.1891/1540-4153.13.4.209

43.

Adekeye

Kimbrough

Obafemi

Strack

. Health literacy from the perspective of African immigrant youth and elderly: A photo voice project. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2014;25(4):1730–1747. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0183

44.

Panofsky

Shelton

. Evaluating an adolescent behavioral program: Leadership, education, achievement, and development for adolescent female offenders in corrections. J Forensic Nurs. 2015;11(3):144–53. doi: 10.1097/jfn.0000000000000082

45.

Yang

. Parents and young children with disabilities: The effects of a home-based music therapy program on parent-child interactions. J Music Ther. 2016;53(1):27–54. doi: 10.1093/jmt/thv018

46.

Leung

Green

Tate

Cai

Wyka

Ammerman

. Fight for your right to fruit: Psychosocial outcomes of a manga comic promoting fruit consumption in middle-school youth. Health Commun. 2017;32(5):533–540. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2016.1211074

47.

McClelland

Jayaratne

Bird

. Use of song as an effective teaching strategy for nutrition education in older adults. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;34(1):22–33. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2014.998327

48.

Najib Balbale

Schwingel

Chodzko-Zajko

Huhman

. Visual and participatory research methods for the development of health messages for underserved populations. Health Commun. 2014;29(7):728–740. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2013.800442

49.

Schachter

. Epilepsy and art: Windows into complexity and comorbidities. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;57:265–269. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.12.024

50.

Merchant

Griffis

, et al. Hidden in plain sight: A crowdsourced public art contest to make automated external defibrillators more visible. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(12):2306–2312. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302211

51.

Williams

DeSorbo

Sawyer

, et al. Hip hop HEALS. Health Educ Behav. 2016;43(1):68–75. doi: 10.1177/1090198115596733

52.

Basting

. Building creative communities of care: Arts, dementia, and hope in the United States. Dementia (London, England). 2018;17(6):744–754. doi: 10.1177/1471301217740959

53.

World Health Organization. The strategic communications framework for effective communications. Updated 2019. Accessed January 13, 2020. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/communication-framework.pdfWebsite

54.

Agrawal

Aruldas

Khan

ME.

Training Manual on Basic Monitoring and Evaluation of Social and Behavior Change Communication Health Programs. Population Council; 2014.

55.

Fancourt

Finn

What is the Evidence on the Role of the Arts in Improving Health and Well-Being. A Scoping Review. WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2019.

56.

Stuckey

Nobel

. The connection between art, healing, and public health: A review of current literature. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(2):254–263.

57.

Fancourt

Finn

. (2019). What is the evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being? A scoping review. Health Evidence Network synthesis report 67. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Publications. Viitattu 11.11. 2019.

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.08 MB

0.14 MB

0.26 MB

0.09 MB