Glucose Degradation Products in Peritoneal Dialysis Fluids May Have Both Local and Systemic Effects: A Study of Residual Fluid and Mesothelial Cells

de Bruijn J.M. Monosaccharides in alkaline medium: isomerization, degradation and oligomerization (Dissertation). Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology, 1986.

Feather M.S. , Harris J.F. Dehydration reactions of carbohydrates. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1973; 28: 161–237.

Kelly F.H.C. , Brown D.W. Thermal decomposition and colour formation in aqueous sucrose solutions. Sugar Technol Rev 1978/79; 6: 1–48.

Theander O. Aqueous, high-temperature transformation of carbohydrates relative to utilisation of biomass. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1978; 46: 273–325.

Nilsson–Thorell C. , Muscalu N. , Andrén A. , Kjellstrand P. , Wieslander A. Heat-sterilization of fluids for peritoneal dialysis gives rise to aldehydes. Perit Dial Int 1993; 13: 208–13.

Linden T. , Forsbäck G. , Deppisch R. , Henle T. , Wieslander A. 3-Deoxyglucosone, a promoter of advanced glycation end products in fluids for peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1998; 18: 290–3.

Wieslander A. , Andrén A. , Nilsson–Thorell C. , Muscalu N. , Kjellstrand P. , Rippe B. Are aldehydes in heat-sterilized peritoneal dialysis fluids toxic in vitro? Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 348–52.

Breborowicz A. , Oreopoulos G. In vitro studies to assess biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis solutions: strengths and limitations. Perit Dial Int 1996; 16: 119–23.

Witowski J. , Korybalska K. , Wisniewska J. , Breborowicz A. , Gahl G.M. , Frei U. Effect of glucose degradation products on human mesothelial cell function. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 729–39.

Wieslander A. , Nordin M. , Martinson E. , Kjellstrand P. , Boberg U. Heat-sterilized PD-fluids impair growth and inflammatory responses of cultured cell lines and human leukocytes. Clin Nephrol 1993; 39: 343–8.

Wieslander A. , Deppisch R. , Svensson E. , Forsbäck G. , Speidel R. , Rippe B. In vitro biocompatibility of heat-sterilized, low-toxic, and less acidic fluid for peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 208–13.

Miyata T. , Izuhara Y. , Sakai H. , Kurokawa K. Carbonyl stress: Increased carbonyl modification of tissue and cellular proteins in uremia. Perit Dial Int 1999; 19: 23–6.

Schalkwijk C.G. , Posthuma N. , ten Brink H.J. , ter Wee P.M. , Teerlink T. Induction of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, intermediates in the formation of advanced glycation end-products, during heat-sterilization of glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids. Perit Dial Int 1999; 19: 325–33.

Miyata T. , Horie K. , Ueda Y. , Fujita Y. , Izuhara Y. , Hirano H. Advanced glycation and lipidoxidation of the peritoneal membrane: Respective roles of serum and peritoneal fluid reactive carbonyl compounds. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 425–35.

Inagi R. , Miyata T. , Yamamoto T. , Suzuki D. , Urakami K. , Saito A. Glucose degradation product methylglyoxal enhances the production of vascular endothelial growth factor in peritoneal cells: Role in the functional and morphological alterations of peritoneal membranes in peritoneal dialysis. FEBS Lett 1999; 463: 260–4.

Raj D.S.C. , Welbourne T.C. , Levi M. Advanced glycation end products: A nephrologist's perspective. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35: 365–80.

Coles G.A. , Topley N. Long-term peritoneal membrane changes. Adv Ren Replace Ther 2000; 7: 289–301.

Simonsen O. , Wieslander A. , Landgren C. , Rippe B. Less infusion pain and elevated level of cancer antigen 125 by the use of a new and more biocompatible PD fluid. Adv Perit Dial 1996; 12: 156–60.

Rippe B. , Simonsen O. , Heimbürger O. , Christensson A. , Haraldsson B. , Stelin G. Long-term clinical effects of a peritoneal dialysis fluid with less glucose degradation products. Kidney Int 2001; 59: 348–57.

Cappelli G. , Bandiani G. , Cancarini G.C. , Feriani M. , Dell'Aquila R. , Saffioti S. Low concentrations of glucose degradation products in peritoneal dialysis fluids and their impact on biocompatibility parameters: Prospective crossover study with a three-compartment bag. Adv Perit Dial 1999; 15: 238–42.

Henderson I.S. , Couper L.A. , Lumsden A. The effect of shelf life of peritoneal dialysis fluid on ultra filtration in CAPD. In: LaGreca G. , ed. Peritoneal dialysis. Milan: Wichtig Editore, 1986: 85–6.

Tuncer M. , Sarikaya M. , Sezer T. , Özcan S. , Suleymanlar G. , Yakupoglu G. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 2037–40.

van Bronswijk H. , Verbrugh H.A. , Box H.J. , Heezius ECJM , Oe P.L. , van der Meulen J. Cytotoxic effects of commercial continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) fluids and of bacterial exoproducts on human mesothelial cells in vitro. Perit Dial Int 1989; 9: 197–202.

Wieslander A. , Andrén A. , Martinson E. , Kjellstrand P. , Hultquist M. Toxicity of effluent peritoneal dialysis fluid. Adv Perit Dial 1993; 9: 31–5.

Breborowicz A. , Martis L. , Oreopoulos D.G. Changes in biocompatibility of dialysis fluid during its dwell in the peritoneal cavity. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 152–7.

Wieslander A.P. , Forsbäck G. , Svensson E. , Linden T. Cytotoxicity, pH and glucose degradation products in four different PD fluids. Adv Perit Dial 1996; 12: 57–60.

Wieslander A. , Nordin M. , Kjellstrand P. , Boberg U. Toxicity of peritoneal dialysis fluids on cultured fibroblasts, L-929. Kidney Int 1991; 40: 77–9.

Legge M. , Lash G.E. , Bird S.D. , Walker R.J. Formaldehyde in heat sterilized peritoneal dialysis solutions: Scavenging system for its removal. Perit Dial Int 1998; 18: 228–31.

Ateshkadi A. , Johnson C.A. , Founds H.W. , Zimmerman S.W. Serum advanced glycosylation end-products in patients on hemodialysis and CAPD. Perit Dial Int 1995; 15: 129–33.