Hematogenous candidiasis is a life-threatening infection that occurs in critically ill patients. The incidence has increased dramatically over the past decade and Candida species are currently the fourth most common organism recovered from blood cultures in hospitalized patients. Numerous risk factors have been identified that predispose a patient to the development of hematogenous candidiasis. Diagnosis is often difficult in the clinical setting. Pharmacologic options for the management of hematogenous candidiasis includes amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine. Evidence from clinical trials indicate that fluconazole is as effective and better tolerated than amphotericin B for the management of hematogenous candidiasis in critically ill patients.
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