This paper proposes an observer-based sliding mode control method for electro-hydraulic servo systems with uncertain nonlinearities, external disturbances, and immeasurable states. The mathematical model is built based on the principle of electro-hydraulic servo systems. Owing to its highly robustness and finite time properties, the sliding mode observer is chosen and designed to estimate the velocity and the equivalent pressure online only using the position feedback. Then, in order to tackle the chattering problem of conventional sliding mode control and increase the control accuracy, a novel second-order sliding mode control scheme is proposed based on the fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative sliding surface and the state observer. The stability of the overall system is proved by Lyapunov theory. Finally, the detailed simulations are conducted, which include the comparative analysis of control performance with other methods and the study of observation performance.
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