Negative dielectrophoresis is widely used in cell localization for long-term observations such as the impedance analysis, in vivo drug screening, and cell patterns. However, the coupling effect of AC electrokinetics, including negative dielectrophoresis, AC electroosmosis, and electrothermal flow is still unclear. This work investigated cell localization based on the dynamic-coupling of dielectrophoresis, AC electroosmosis, and electrothermal flow. A two-dimensional finite element model that consisted of interdigitated array electrodes was established. The effects of system parameters on the capture efficiency were investigated, when the medium conductivity was in the range of 0.001–1 S/m. The selection of the medium conductivity is suggested to be the first step of the experiment design. Then, the choice of AC frequency and AC amplitude requires balancing the effects of transmembrane potential and temperature rise on cell viability. Besides, particular electrode spacing is evidenced to be only efficient for a specific cell diameter. Thus, the electrode spacing of the microfluidic chip needs to be optimized according to the cell's diameter.
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