Macroslip detection for a metal V-belt continuously variable transmission using the period difference

Abstract

In this study, a macroslip detection method is proposed for a metal V-belt continuously variable transmission. The macroslip detection method was developed using the instantaneous periods of the primary pulley’s acceleration and the secondary pulley’s acceleration, which can be obtained from the existing speed sensors. To obtain the instantaneous periods of the accelerations of the pulleys in real time, a signal-processing method was developed on the basis of zero-cross detection. Using the instantaneous periods, the period difference is introduced, and a threshold value b is defined to evaluate the slip state. The characteristics of the period difference and b were investigated by a three-dimensional analysis, in which a three-dimensional model of the continuously variable transmission including the blocks, the bands and the pulleys was constructed, and the velocity of each element and the slip rate were obtained. From the simulation results, it was found that the period difference stays below the threshold value b in the microslip region and begins to increase over the threshold value b in the macroslip region. The macroslip detection method proposed in this study was validated by experiments, which showed that the method is effective for detecting the occurrence of macroslip, independently of the input torque and the speed ratio.

Keywords

Continuously variable transmission three-dimensional analysis macroslip detection period difference

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

van der Sluis

van Dongen

van Spijk

. Efficiency optimization of the push belt CVT, SAE paper 2007-01-1457, 2007.

Doi

. New compact, lightweight, low friction CVT with wide ratio coverage. In: 2010 international continuously variable and hybrid transmission congress, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 17–19 November 2010. Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology: 146–151.

Bonsen

Klaassen

Pulles

. Performance optimization of the push-belt CVT by variator slip control. Int J Veh Des 2005; 39(3): 232–256.

Fujii

Kurokawa

Kanehara

. A study of a metal pushing V-belt type CVT-Part 1: relation between transmitted torque and pulley thrust. SAE paper 930666, 1993.

Bonsen

. Efficiency optimization of the push-belt CVT by variator slip control. Thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 2006.

Bonsen

Klaassen

van de Meerakker

. Measurement and control of slip in a continuously variable transmission. In: 3rd IFAC symposium on mechatronic systems, Sydney, Australia, 6–8 September 2004, Vol 1, pp. 43–48. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005.

Yamaguchi

Tani

Hayakawa

. Measurement and estimation technologies for the experimental analysis of metal V-belt type CVTs. R&D Rev Toyota CRDL 2006; 40(3): 6–13.

Sakagami

Fujii

Yoshida

Yagasaki

. Study on belt slip behavior in metal V-belt type CVT. JSAE paper 20074565, 2007.

Sakagami

Okubo

Fujii

. Effective control of pulley thrusts using an index describing belt slip state in metal V-belt type CVT for improving transmitting efficiency. Trans JSAE 2008; 39(5): 101–106.

10.

van der Noll

van der Sluis

van Dongen

van der Velde

. Innovative self-optimising clamping force strategy for the push belt CVT. SAE paper 2009-01-1537, 2009.

11.

Faust

Homm

Reuschel

. Efficiency-optimised CVT hydraulic and clamping system. In: 2002 international continuously variable and hybrid transmission congress, Munich, Germany, 7–8 October 2002, VDI Berichte 1709, pp. 43–58. Duässeldorf: Deutscher Ingenieur-Verlag.

12.

Park

Kwon

. Macroslip detection and clamping force control for a metal V-belt continuously variable transmission. Proc IMechE Part D: J Automobile Engineering 2014; 228(8): 943–954.

13.

CATIA. Dassault Systèmes Vélizy-Villacoublay, France, http://www.3ds.com/products-services/catia/ (March 2013).

14.

Home page. VirtualMotion, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea, http://www.virtualmotion.co.kr/index.do (May, 2013).

15.

DAFUL helping file, DAFUL preprocessor . Seoul: VirtualMotion, Inc., 2012.

16.

Kanokogi

Hoshino

. Simulation of metal pushing type V-belt for CVT. In: 15th European ADAMS users’ conference, Rome, Italy, 15–16 November 2000, pp. 1–9. Santa Ana, California: MSC Software Corporation.

17.

Kuwabara

Fushimi

Fujii

Kanehara

. Study on a metal pushing V-belt type CVT: numerical analysis of forces acting on a belt at steady state. JSAE Rev 1998; 19(2): 117–122.

18.

Fushimi

Fujii

Kanehara

. A numerical approach to analyze the power transmitting mechanisms of a metal pushing V-belt type CVT. SAE paper 960720, 1996.

19.

Lebrecht

Pfeiffer

Ulbrich

. Analysis of self-induced vibrations in a pushing V-belt CVT. SAE paper 2004-40-0032, 2004.

20.

Bonsen

Klaassen

TWGL

van de Meerakker

KGO

. Analysis of slip in a continuously variable transmission. In: 2003 ASME international mechanical engineering congress, Washington, DC, USA, 15–21 November 2003, paper IMECE20203-41360, pp. 1–6. New York: ASME.

21.

van Drogen

van der Laan

. Determination of variator robustness under macro slip conditions for a push belt CVT. SAE paper 2004-01-0480, 2004.

22.

van der Laan

van Drogen

. Improving push belt CVT efficiency by clamping force control strategies based on variator slip measurement. In: 2005 tribology of vehicle transmissions congress, Tsukuba, Japan, 16–18 February 2005, pp. 1–6. Tokyo: JAST.

23.

Chauvin

Corde

Philippe

. Time-varying linear observer for torque balancing on a DI engine. In: IFAC symposium on advances in automotive control, Salerno, Italy, 19–23April 2004, Vol 1, pp. 137–142. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005.

24.

. Macro Slip Detection and Clamping Force Control for a Metal V-belt Continuously Variable Transmission. Ph. D. Thesis, pp. 17-65, Sungkyunkwan University, 2014.

25.

van der Laan

van Drogen

Brandsma

. Improving push belt CVT efficiency by control strategies based on new variator wear insight. SAE paper 2004-40-0039.