Optimization study of crash occupant injury and restraint system for a certain type of wheeled special vehicle

Wheeled special vehicles play an important role in rapid raids and maneuvering operations, which can cause casualties and equipment losses when serious collisions occur. This paper takes a certain type of wheeled special vehicle as the research object, according to the FMVSS 208 and other automotive regulations collision standards and real vehicle use scenarios, two-vehicle collision test was carried out for this type of wheeled special vehicle. Then, a finite element model of the whole vehicle collision was established for simulation, and the attitude and acceleration of each part of the simulated vehicle collision were compared with the experimental results to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. At the same time, the motion attitude and injury of the occupants during the collision were analyzed. Finally, the seat belt of the occupant restraint system was improved to a four-point pre-tensioning type, and the objective optimization design was carried out with the upper retractor mounting point, the lower anchor point position, the pre-tensioning force magnitude and the pre-tensioning force generating time of the improved four-point seat belt as the design variables, and the WIC value of the comprehensive injury of the occupant as the optimization objective. The simulation results show that the optimized occupant restraint system significantly reduces the driver’s seat occupant comprehensive injury WIC value. And the injury of each part of the occupant appears to decrease significantly. Therefore, the improved occupant restraint system in this paper effectively reduces the injury risk of the occupant in response to the collision conditions.