Within a magnetohydrodynamic environment, Marangoni convection (Thermocapilarity effect) in an unsteady thin film of hybrid nanoliquid flow over a disk has been discussed. A set of simplified Navier-Stokes equation using boundary layer theory is written in order to model the above mentioned flow situation. The dissipative effects caused by viscosity and magnetic field have been incorporated in temperature-balance equation. A suitable choice of transform variables facilitate a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from original partial differential equations (PDEs) representing the flow phenomena. This system of ODEs are solved by shooting technique in conjunction with Runge-Kutta 4th order numerical scheme. This study reveals that by increasing the surface tension along the liquid-air interface, the velocity of hybrid nanoliquid can be increased. In the context of this research work, the hybrid nanoliquid prepared by dispersing blade shaped and Cu nanoparticles, is an ideal liquid as far as liquid coolants are concerned.
ChoiSUS. Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles. In: International mechanical engineering congress and exhibition, San Francisco, CA, USA, 12-17 November 1995.
2.
MasudaHEbataATeramaeK, et al.
Alteration of thermal conductivity and viscosity of liquid by dispersing ultra fine particles. Japan J Thermophys Properties1993;
7: 227–233.
3.
EastmanJAChoiSUSLiS, et al.
Novel thermal properties of nanostructured materials. J Metastable Nanocrystalline Mater1999;
2–6: 629–634.
4.
EastmanJAChoiSUSLiS, et al.
Anomalously increased effective thermal conductivities of ethylene glycol-based nanofluids containing copper nanoparticles.Appl Phys Lett2001;
78: 718–720.
5.
KumarBSethGSNandkeolyarR.Quadratic multiple regression model and spectral relaxation approach to analyse stagnation point nanofluid flow with second-order slip. Proc IMechE, Part E: J Process Mechanical Engineering2020;
234: 3–14.
6.
KakacSPramuanjaroenkijA.A review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids. Int J Heat Mass Transfer2009;
52: 3187–3196.
7.
GorlaRSRChamkhaA.Natural convective boundary layer flow over a non-isothermal vertical plate embedded in a porous medium saturated with a nanofluid. Nanoscale Microscale Thermophys Eng2011;
15: 81–94.
8.
BashaHTSivarajRSubramanyam ReddyA, et al.
SWCNH/diamond-ethylene glycol nanofluid flow over a wedge, plate and stagnation point with induced magnetic field and nonlinear radiation – solar energy application. Eur Phys J Spec Top2019;
228: 2531–2551.
9.
KrishnaMVChamkhaAJ.Hall and ion slip effects on MHD rotating boundary layer flow of nanofluid past an infinite vertical plate embedded in a porous medium. Results Phys2019;
15: 102652.
10.
ChamkhaAJ.MHD-free convection from a vertical plate embedded in a thermally stratified porous medium with Hall effects. Appl Math Modell1997;
21: 603–609.
11.
TakharHSChamkhaAJNathG.MHD flow over a moving plate in a rotating fluid with magnetic field, hall currents and free stream velocity. Int J Eng Sci2002;
40: 1511–1527.
12.
KhedrMEMChamkhaAJBayomiM.MHD flow of a micropolar fluid past a stretched permeable surface with heat generation or absorption. Nonlinear Anal Modell Control2009;
14: 27–40.
13.
ChamkhaAJAlyAM.Aly MHD free convection flow of a nanofluid past a vertical plate in the presence of heat generation or absorption effects. Chem Eng Commun2010;
198: 425–441.
14.
SelimefendigilFChamkhaAJ.Natural convection of a hybrid nanofluid-filled triangular annulus with an opening. Comput Therm Sci2016;
8: 555–566.
15.
SheikholeslamiMMehryanSAMShafeeASheremetMA.Variable magnetic forces impact on magnetizable hybrid nanofluid heat transfer through a circular cavity. J Mol Liquids2019;
277: 388–396.
16.
ShehzadSASheikholeslamiMAmbreenT, et al.
Heat transfer management of hybrid nanofluid including radiation and magnetic source terms within a porous domain. Appl Nanoscience2020; 10: 5351–5359.
17.
MaYMohebbiRRashidiMM, et al.
MHD forced convection of MWCNT–Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid in a partially heated T-shaped channel using LBM. J Therm Anal Calorim2019;
136: 1723–1735.
18.
BenkheddaMBoufendiTTayebiT, et al.
Convective heat transfer performance of hybrid nanofluid in a horizontal pipe considering nanoparticles shapes effect. J Therm Anal Calorim2020;
140: 411–425.
19.
PozogaIDiakunJ.The influence of the disc zone of a screw-disc extruder on the structure and properties of low-density polyethylene (PE-LD) extrudate. POLIMERY2014;
59: 845–850.
20.
WangCY.Liquid film on an unsteady stretching surface. Quart Appl Math1990;
48: 601–610.
21.
KomodaYInoueYHirataY.Mixing performance by reciprocating disk in cylindrical vessel. J Chem Eng Japan2000;
33: 879–885.
22.
DandapatBSSantraBVajraveluK.The effects of variable fluid properties and thermocapilarity on the flow of a thin film on an unsteady stretching sheet. Int J Heat Mass Transfer2007;
50: 991–996.
CazabatAMHeslotFTroianSM, et al.
Fingering instability of thin spreading films driven by temperature gradients. Nature1990;
346: 824–826.
25.
MagyariEChamkhaAJ.Exact analytical solutions for thermosolutal marangoni convection in the presence of heat and mass generation or consumption. Heat Mass Transfer2007;
43: 965–974.
26.
JiaoCZhengLLinY, et al.
Marangoni abnormal convection heat transfer of power-law fluid driven by temperature gradient in porous medium with heat generation. Int J Heat Mass Transfer2016;
92: 700–707.
27.
NarulaMAbdouMAYingAY, et al.
Study of liquid metal film flow characteristics under fusion relevant magnetic field conditions. Fusion Eng2003; 2–5: 244–252.
28.
HashimIWilsonSK.The effect of a uniform vertical magnetic field on the onset of oscillatory Marangoni convection in a horizontal layer of conducting fluid. Acta Mech1999;
132: 129–146.
29.
IbrahimSM.Effects of mass transfer, radiation, joule heating, and viscous dissipation on steady MHD Marangoni convection flow over a flat surface with suction and injection. Int J Eng Math2013, Article ID 903818.
30.
MahantheshBGireeshaBJShashikumarNS, et al.
MWCNT nanoliquids due to a disk with solar radiation and irregular heat source. Physica E: Low-Dimensional Syst Nanostruct2017;
94: 25–30.
31.
GulTAkbarRZaheerZ, et al.
The impact of the Marangoni convection and magnetic field versus blood-based carbon nanotube nanofluids. Proc IMechE, Part N: J Nanomaterials, Nanoengineering and Nanosystems2020;
234: 37–46.
32.
HayatTRashidMImtiazM, et al.
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Cu-water nanofluid due to a rotating disk with partial slip. AIP Adv2015;
5: 067169.
33.
FarooqUAfridiMIQasimM, et al.
Transpiration and viscous dissipation effects on entropy generation in hybrid nanofluid flow over a nonlinear radially stretching disk. Entropy2018;
20: 668–671.
34.
ShahZAlzahraniEOAlghamdiW, et al.
Influences of electrical MHD and hall current on squeezing nanofluid flow inside rotating porous plates with viscous and joule dissipation effects. J Thermal Anal Calorim 2020; 140: 1215–1227.
35.
ChamkhaAJMohamedRAAhmedSE.Unsteady MHD natural convection from a heated vertical porous plate in a micropolar fluid with joule heating chemical reaction and radiation effects. Meccanica2011;
46: 399–411.
36.
KumarBSethGSNandkeolyarR, et al.
Outlining the impact of induced magnetic field and thermal radiation on magneto-convection flow of dissipative fluid. Int J Thermal Sci2019;
146: 106101.
37.
NasirSGulTIslamS, et al.
The flow of nano-liquid film in the presence of operative Prandtl number model through an unsteady stretchable disc. AIP Adv2019;
9: 095306.
38.
ChamkhaAJMiroshnichenkoISheremetMA.Numerical analysis of unsteady conjugate natural convection of hybrid water-based nanofluid in a semicircular cavity. ASME J Heat Transfer2018;
140: 1–19.
39.
BhattadASarkarJ.Effects of nanoparticle shape and size on the thermohydraulic performance of plate evaporator using hybrid nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim2021;
143: 767–779.
40.
ChamkhaAJ.Solar radiation assisted natural convection in uniform porous medium supported by a vertical flat plate. J Heat Transfer1997;
119: 89–96.
41.
TakharHSChamkhaAJNathG.Unsteady flow and heat transfer on a semi-infinite flat plate with an aligned magnetic field. Int J Eng Sci1999;
37: 1723–1736.
42.
TakharHSChamkhaAJNathG.Unsteady three-dimensional MHD-boundary-layer flow due to the impulsive motion of a stretching surface. Acta Mech2001;
146: 59–71.
43.
ChamkhaAJAlyAMMansourMA.Similarity solution for unsteady heat and mass transfer from a stretching surface embedded in a porous medium with suction/injection and chemical reaction effects. Chem Eng Commun2010;
197: 846–858.
44.
SeyediSHSarayBNChamkhaAJ.Heat and mass transfer investigation of MHD Eyring-Powell flow in a stretching channel with chemical reactions. Physica A: Stat Mech Appl2020;
544: 124109.
45.
KumarKGReddyMGSudharaniMVVNL, et al.
Cattaneo-Christov heat diffusion phenomenon in Reiner-Philippoff fluid through a transverse magnetic field. Physica A: Stat Mech Appl2020;
541: 123330.
