Fabrication of structurally graded material (pure PLA/WFPC): Mechanical and microscopic aspects

The aim of this study is to provide first-hand knowledge on additively manufactured structurally graded material (SGM) (polylactic acid / wood-fiber polymer composites) wall. Polylactic acid or polylactide is most effectively used in manufacturing plastic films, bottles, biodegradable medical devices, textile, and agricultural goods. Wood-fiber polymer composites are essentially used in furniture, particleboard, oriented strand board, medium-density fibreboard, plywood, and constructions. SGM is characterized through the change in material composition that is applicable to specific functions. Fabricated SGM exhibited mechanical property such as tensile strength (15.78 ± 0.05 MPa), compressive strength (46.8 ± 2.7 MPa), flexural strength (88.2 ± 0.15 MPa), and impact energy (1.64 ± 0.07 J). Hardness value of SGM is 74.5 shore-D. The coupon studies revealed that SGM possesses better mechanical characteristics than wood-fiber polymer composites and is on par with polylactic acid. The observed morphologies on fracture surface indicate the brittle nature of fracture. This SGM come under advanced materials that are utilized in biomedical, defence, energy, aviation, and nuclear sector, for integrated structural and thermal application.