Impacts of Joule heating and dissipation on magnetohydrodynamic ternary-hybrid nanofluid ( A l 2 O 3 - T i O 2 - S i O 2 / H 2 O ) flow over an elongated sheet with Darcy–Forchheimer medium

Thermal transfer enhancement plays a crucial role in various fields of science and engineering. The trihybrid nanofluid, which demonstrates an enriched heat transmission rate has gained increasing attention due to its pivotal role in energy transport systems, particularly in nuclear reactors, heat exchangers, etc. Stimulated by its applications, the dynamics of hydromagnetized, radiative trihybrid nanofluid ( A l 2 O 3 - Ti O 2 - Si O 2 / H 2 O ) in a Darcy–Forchheimer flow via an elongated sheet has been comprehensively researched in this study. The energy equation is modeled by simultaneously incorporating viscous dissipation, ohmic heating, and thermal generation/absorption, which boosts the novelty of this investigation. Through the use of similarity variables, the major controlling equations of the model are transformed into dimension-free ordinary differential equations, which are numerically handled via the bvp4c package in MATLAB. A comparative sketch is drawn between the nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid, and trihybrid nanofluid to compute the thermal efficacy. It is perceived that the thermal transfer rate of A l 2 O 3 - Ti O 2 - Si O 2 / H 2 O dominates over the hybrid nanofluid to a least of 2% and to a supreme of 3.2% for diverse values of magnetic parameters, while it differs between the ranges of 1.9%–3% for varying porosity parameters. The upshot of this research suggests that triple nanoparticle dispersion results in an enhanced thermal transport mechanism compared to dual and mono nanomaterial dispersion. Research presented in this article has stupendous practical value, particularly in the manufacturing and engineering sectors, which rely on the enhanced rate of thermal transmission.